The
body is composed of water, minerals and fats. The body could be divided into a
fat component and a fat free component. Body fat is the most variable
constituent of the body. The total amount of body fat consists of essential fat
consists of the fat in the marrow of bones, in the heart, lungs like spleen,
kidneys, intestine, muscle and lipid rich tissues throughout the central
nervous system. While fats that accumulates in the adipose tissue is called
storage fat. The essential fat of women is higher than that of men because it
initiates sex-characteristics fat related to child bearing. The storage fat is
located around internal organs (internal storage fat) and directly beneath the
skin (Kravitz, 2002).
body is composed of water, minerals and fats. The body could be divided into a
fat component and a fat free component. Body fat is the most variable
constituent of the body. The total amount of body fat consists of essential fat
consists of the fat in the marrow of bones, in the heart, lungs like spleen,
kidneys, intestine, muscle and lipid rich tissues throughout the central
nervous system. While fats that accumulates in the adipose tissue is called
storage fat. The essential fat of women is higher than that of men because it
initiates sex-characteristics fat related to child bearing. The storage fat is
located around internal organs (internal storage fat) and directly beneath the
skin (Kravitz, 2002).
Lean
body mass represents the weight of muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons and
internal organs. Lean body mass differs from fat-free mass. Since there is some
essential fat in the bone marrow and internal organs, the lean body mass
include a small percentage of essential fat. However, these sources of
essential fat are estimated and substracted from total body weight to obtain
the fat free mass (Kravitz, 2002).
body mass represents the weight of muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons and
internal organs. Lean body mass differs from fat-free mass. Since there is some
essential fat in the bone marrow and internal organs, the lean body mass
include a small percentage of essential fat. However, these sources of
essential fat are estimated and substracted from total body weight to obtain
the fat free mass (Kravitz, 2002).
Body composition in adult life
During
adult life, there is a slow decrease in lean body mass and total body
potassium, by 70years, 40% of skeletal muscles has been lost compared with
young adult life. At the age of 50 women start to loose lean body mass, whereas
men loose lean body mass from the age of 30 (Eastwood, 2007).
adult life, there is a slow decrease in lean body mass and total body
potassium, by 70years, 40% of skeletal muscles has been lost compared with
young adult life. At the age of 50 women start to loose lean body mass, whereas
men loose lean body mass from the age of 30 (Eastwood, 2007).
In
older people, fat tissue accumulates on the trunk, in the abdominal region and
from subcutaneous tissue to fat surrounding organs. Total body water decrease
with age. These declines begin in middle aged men and in women after the age of
65years. Bone mass diminishes with age from about the age of 30. Bone mineral
and matrix disappear more rapidly than deposition of bone tissues. Trabecular
bone is lost at an earlier age than cortical bone which is significant as bone
mass is important in bone strength (Eastwood, 2007). According to Feldman
(2008), changes in body composition with ageing includes an increase in the
percentage body fat and a decrease in lean body mass. These changes are
associated with a qualitatively greater decline in energy expenditure from
physical activity (Munro, 2012).
older people, fat tissue accumulates on the trunk, in the abdominal region and
from subcutaneous tissue to fat surrounding organs. Total body water decrease
with age. These declines begin in middle aged men and in women after the age of
65years. Bone mass diminishes with age from about the age of 30. Bone mineral
and matrix disappear more rapidly than deposition of bone tissues. Trabecular
bone is lost at an earlier age than cortical bone which is significant as bone
mass is important in bone strength (Eastwood, 2007). According to Feldman
(2008), changes in body composition with ageing includes an increase in the
percentage body fat and a decrease in lean body mass. These changes are
associated with a qualitatively greater decline in energy expenditure from
physical activity (Munro, 2012).
Practical
methods of assessing body decomposition include: skin folds, circumference
(girth) measures, hydrostastic weighing, bioelectrical impedance and
near-infrared interactence. Other advanced methods include isotope dilution,
neutron activation analysis, magnetic resource imaging and dual energy x-ray
absorptiometry (Kravitz, 2002).
methods of assessing body decomposition include: skin folds, circumference
(girth) measures, hydrostastic weighing, bioelectrical impedance and
near-infrared interactence. Other advanced methods include isotope dilution,
neutron activation analysis, magnetic resource imaging and dual energy x-ray
absorptiometry (Kravitz, 2002).
