Malaria
is a communicable disease characterized by rigor, fever caused by plasmodium
parasite. Malaria occurs whenever the female anopheles mosquito injects the
sporozoites of these parasites into the blood stream for about 30 minutes,
these sporozoites then enters the liver cells to stay. In this stage it is
called pre-erthrocytic phase of development. The presence of the sporozoites in
the liver inflamed the cells causing hepatitis.
is a communicable disease characterized by rigor, fever caused by plasmodium
parasite. Malaria occurs whenever the female anopheles mosquito injects the
sporozoites of these parasites into the blood stream for about 30 minutes,
these sporozoites then enters the liver cells to stay. In this stage it is
called pre-erthrocytic phase of development. The presence of the sporozoites in
the liver inflamed the cells causing hepatitis.
There is
also proliferation of the reticulo-endothelial cell (especially in the liver,
spleen and bone marrow) leading to enlargement of the liver (hepatomegally) and
spleen (splenomegally) with tenderness. The liver cell then burst to release
merozoites and toxins into the blood stream. Some of these merozoites enter
fresh red blood cell to start up the erythrocytic phase. The red blood cells
then mature to release these parasites into the blood stream. The destruction
of red blood cells leads to anaemia causing tiredness and the clients complains
of pain in the legs and joints due to the inflammatory phase of the parasite
toxins in the body.
also proliferation of the reticulo-endothelial cell (especially in the liver,
spleen and bone marrow) leading to enlargement of the liver (hepatomegally) and
spleen (splenomegally) with tenderness. The liver cell then burst to release
merozoites and toxins into the blood stream. Some of these merozoites enter
fresh red blood cell to start up the erythrocytic phase. The red blood cells
then mature to release these parasites into the blood stream. The destruction
of red blood cells leads to anaemia causing tiredness and the clients complains
of pain in the legs and joints due to the inflammatory phase of the parasite
toxins in the body.
The rigor
starts with intense cold leading to a feeling of hotness and dryness of the
skin. The body temperature may rise to 39.40C to 40.00C.This
is due to parasites and their toxins acting as pyrogens and endogenous pyrogens
resetting the thermostat in the in the heat regulating centre in the
hypothalamus, causing more production of body heat which may lead to the
irritation and poisoning of the brain tissue by parasite toxins.
starts with intense cold leading to a feeling of hotness and dryness of the
skin. The body temperature may rise to 39.40C to 40.00C.This
is due to parasites and their toxins acting as pyrogens and endogenous pyrogens
resetting the thermostat in the in the heat regulating centre in the
hypothalamus, causing more production of body heat which may lead to the
irritation and poisoning of the brain tissue by parasite toxins.
In malaria caused by falciparum (plasmodium), the
severe haemolysis can lead to jaundice, the presence of toxins along the gastrointestinal
tract through the systematic circulation irritate the muscular layers causing
increased peristalsis lead to diarrhoea; in some people the toxins can also
irritate the gastric mucosa and vomiting centre in the hypothalamus causing
vomiting. In severe terminal stage, individual present with cerebral
manifestation like delirium leading to coma due to blockage of the tiny
cerebral blood vessels by the parasite toxins and debris of the impaired red
blood cells.
severe haemolysis can lead to jaundice, the presence of toxins along the gastrointestinal
tract through the systematic circulation irritate the muscular layers causing
increased peristalsis lead to diarrhoea; in some people the toxins can also
irritate the gastric mucosa and vomiting centre in the hypothalamus causing
vomiting. In severe terminal stage, individual present with cerebral
manifestation like delirium leading to coma due to blockage of the tiny
cerebral blood vessels by the parasite toxins and debris of the impaired red
blood cells.
