Personality disorders

fig 21
Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders characterized by
enduring maladaptive patterns of behaviour, cognition, and inner experience,
exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by
the individual’s culture. These patterns develop early, are inflexible, and are
associated with significant distress or disability.

Some
examples of personality disorders are:
a.     Paranoid personality
disorder
b.     Schizoid personality
disorder
c.     Antisocial personality
disorder
d.     Histrionic personality
disorder
e.     Narcissistic personality
disorder
Paranoid personality disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is a personality
disorder characterised by
guarded, defensive, distrustful and suspiciousness tendency.
Hypervigilant to the motives of others to undermine or do harm. Always seeking
confirmatory evidence of hidden schemes. Feels righteous, but persecuted.
People with paranoid personality disorder are characterized by a pattern of
pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others which last for a long time.
They are generally difficult to work with
Schizoid personality disorder
People with schizoid personality disorder are known
to be
apathetic,
indifferent, remote, solitary, distant, humourless. Neither desires nor needs
human attachments. Withdrawal from relationships and prefer to be alone. Little
interest in others, often seen as a loner. Minimal awareness of feelings of
self or others. Few drives or ambitions, if any. Is an uncommon condition in
which people avoid social activities and consistently shy away from interaction
with others. It affects more males than females. To others, you may appear
somewhat dull or humourless. Because you don’t tend to show emotion, you may
appear as though you don’t care about what’s going on around you
Antisocial personality disorder
These are set of people with personality disorder
associated with being
impulsive, irresponsible, deviant, unruly. Acts without due
consideration. Meets social obligations only when self-serving. Disrespects
societal customs, rules, and standards. Sees self as free and independent.
People with antisocial personality disorder depicts a long pattern of disregard
for other people’s rights. They often cross the line and violate these rights.
Histrionic personality disorder
People with histrionic personality disorder are
known to be
dramatic,
seductive, shallow, stimulus-seeking, vain. Overreacts to minor events.
Exhibitionistic as a means of securing attention and favours. Sees self as
attractive and charming. Constant seeking for others’ attention. Is
characterized by constant attention-seeking, emotional overreaction, and
suggestibility. This personality’s tendency to over-dramatize may impair
relationships and lead to depression, but sufferers are often high-functioning
Narcissistic personality disorder
This is a personality disorder associated with being
egotistical,
arrogant, grandiose, insouciant. Preoccupied with fantasies of success, beauty,
or achievement. Sees self as admirable and superior, and therefore entitled to
special treatment. is a mental disorder in which people have an inflated sense
of their own importance and a deep need for admiration. Those with narcissistic
personality disorder believe that they’re superior to others and have little
regard for other people’s feelings
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