This
section is mostly concerned with the decision of the results obtained from the
data analyzed.
section is mostly concerned with the decision of the results obtained from the
data analyzed.
Discussion
of table 4.4
of table 4.4
Research hypothesis I
The
responses of the respondents were used in testing hypothesis I which states
that there would be no significant relationship on problems of effective
teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary schools in
Ogwashi-Uku. The result implies that there is significant relationship on
problems of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior
secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
responses of the respondents were used in testing hypothesis I which states
that there would be no significant relationship on problems of effective
teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary schools in
Ogwashi-Uku. The result implies that there is significant relationship on
problems of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior
secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
The
calculated value of x2 is 229.3 which is greater than the critical value of 16.919
at 9df. The research hypothesis was rejected and the alternative was accepted.
This is in line with Hardman (2013) who contend that it is clear that
in too many schools, in too many countries children are being denied the
physical education opportunities that will transform their lives. Also Jenkinson and Benson (2009) noted that the
challenges to physical education can be institutional and teacher related. They
further stated that physical education is allocated lower status and priority
in learning institutions, lack of achievement measures for physical education
and inadequate infrastructure.
calculated value of x2 is 229.3 which is greater than the critical value of 16.919
at 9df. The research hypothesis was rejected and the alternative was accepted.
This is in line with Hardman (2013) who contend that it is clear that
in too many schools, in too many countries children are being denied the
physical education opportunities that will transform their lives. Also Jenkinson and Benson (2009) noted that the
challenges to physical education can be institutional and teacher related. They
further stated that physical education is allocated lower status and priority
in learning institutions, lack of achievement measures for physical education
and inadequate infrastructure.
Therefore it can be
deduced that there are problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
deduced that there are problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
Discussion
of table 4.5
of table 4.5
Research hypothesis II
The
responses of the respondents were used in testing hypothesis II which states
that there would be no significant relationship on the contributory factors to
the problems of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior
secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku. The result implies that there is significant
relationship on the contributory factors to the problems of effective teaching
and learning of physical education in junior secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
responses of the respondents were used in testing hypothesis II which states
that there would be no significant relationship on the contributory factors to
the problems of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior
secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku. The result implies that there is significant
relationship on the contributory factors to the problems of effective teaching
and learning of physical education in junior secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
The
calculated value of x2 is 87.8 which is greater than the critical value of 16.919
at 9df, the research hypothesis was rejected and the alternative was accepted.
This finding is in agreement with Mackendrick (2012) who noted that that physical education is
mostly taught by generalist teachers with modest knowledge or with no physical
education methods. Also
according to a study by Ojeme (2009) on the condition of
physical education in Nigerian schools, he cited absence of policies for national physical
education , lack of government’s
support, lack of qualified teachers, inadequate structures and facilities and
lack of time for teaching as some of the obstacles of physical education in most Nigerian schools.
calculated value of x2 is 87.8 which is greater than the critical value of 16.919
at 9df, the research hypothesis was rejected and the alternative was accepted.
This finding is in agreement with Mackendrick (2012) who noted that that physical education is
mostly taught by generalist teachers with modest knowledge or with no physical
education methods. Also
according to a study by Ojeme (2009) on the condition of
physical education in Nigerian schools, he cited absence of policies for national physical
education , lack of government’s
support, lack of qualified teachers, inadequate structures and facilities and
lack of time for teaching as some of the obstacles of physical education in most Nigerian schools.
Consequently,
it can be concluded that there are contributory factors to the problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
it can be concluded that there are contributory factors to the problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
Discussion
on table 4.6
on table 4.6
Research hypothesis III
The
responses of the respondents were used in testing hypotheses III which states
that there would be no significant relationship on implications of the problems
of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku. The result implies that there is significant
relationship on implications of the problems of effective teaching and learning
of physical education in junior secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
responses of the respondents were used in testing hypotheses III which states
that there would be no significant relationship on implications of the problems
of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku. The result implies that there is significant
relationship on implications of the problems of effective teaching and learning
of physical education in junior secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
The
calculated value of x2 is 74.2 which is greater than the critical value. Since
calculated x2 value is greater than the critical value of 0.05 at
9df which is 16.919, the research hypothesis was rejected and the alternative
was accepted. This is in concurrence with the Centre for Disease Prevention and
Control (CDC) (2012) which stated that that less physical activity among school
children equals more unhealthy children, stating that 17 percent of children
and adolescents ages 2-19 are obese, 34 percent of adults are obese. Overweight
and obese children are at high risk of heart disease, diabetes, high blood
pressure, high cholesterol, asthma, low self-esteem, joint, bone, and muscle
problems, and more. Also, Kaln (2006) stated that decreased physical education
in school means fewer healthy lifestyle choices which leads to more sedentary
lifestyles, an increased prevalence of heart disease and other weight-related
health issues, and higher health care costs for a nation.
calculated value of x2 is 74.2 which is greater than the critical value. Since
calculated x2 value is greater than the critical value of 0.05 at
9df which is 16.919, the research hypothesis was rejected and the alternative
was accepted. This is in concurrence with the Centre for Disease Prevention and
Control (CDC) (2012) which stated that that less physical activity among school
children equals more unhealthy children, stating that 17 percent of children
and adolescents ages 2-19 are obese, 34 percent of adults are obese. Overweight
and obese children are at high risk of heart disease, diabetes, high blood
pressure, high cholesterol, asthma, low self-esteem, joint, bone, and muscle
problems, and more. Also, Kaln (2006) stated that decreased physical education
in school means fewer healthy lifestyle choices which leads to more sedentary
lifestyles, an increased prevalence of heart disease and other weight-related
health issues, and higher health care costs for a nation.
Based on
this, it can be resolved that there are implications of the problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
this, it can be resolved that there are implications of the problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
Discussion
on table 4.7
on table 4.7
Research hypothesis IV
The responses of the respondents were used in testing
hypothesis IV which states that there would be no significant relationship on
possible solutions to the problems of effective teaching and learning of
physical education in junior secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku. The result
implies that there is significant relationship on possible solutions to the
problems of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior
secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
hypothesis IV which states that there would be no significant relationship on
possible solutions to the problems of effective teaching and learning of
physical education in junior secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku. The result
implies that there is significant relationship on possible solutions to the
problems of effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior
secondary schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
The calculated value of x2 is 45.6 which
is greater than the critical value. Since calculated x2 value is
greater than the critical value of 0.05 at 9df which is 16.919, the research
hypothesis was rejected and the alternative was accepted. This is in line with Bailey (2006) who stated that solution to
effective teaching and learning of physical education can be carried out by
implementing school-based physical
education programme through
considerable investment of resources which include curriculum on physical education taught by trained teachers,
supportive school environment/policy and
involvement of parents/family. Macfayden (2010) also added that effective teaching
and learning of physical education can be implemented through diversify and increase the number of physical education classes
and/or sports classes to include aerobic/endurance, strength, flexibility, and
coordination activities, offer a variety
and choice of physical education classes so that students’ age, gender,
disability, needs and interests are taken into consideration, promote
and support the use of
local environments (e.g. beaches, hills) and facilities (e.g. public parks) for
physical education and/or sports classes, etc.
is greater than the critical value. Since calculated x2 value is
greater than the critical value of 0.05 at 9df which is 16.919, the research
hypothesis was rejected and the alternative was accepted. This is in line with Bailey (2006) who stated that solution to
effective teaching and learning of physical education can be carried out by
implementing school-based physical
education programme through
considerable investment of resources which include curriculum on physical education taught by trained teachers,
supportive school environment/policy and
involvement of parents/family. Macfayden (2010) also added that effective teaching
and learning of physical education can be implemented through diversify and increase the number of physical education classes
and/or sports classes to include aerobic/endurance, strength, flexibility, and
coordination activities, offer a variety
and choice of physical education classes so that students’ age, gender,
disability, needs and interests are taken into consideration, promote
and support the use of
local environments (e.g. beaches, hills) and facilities (e.g. public parks) for
physical education and/or sports classes, etc.
It can
therefore be concluded that there possible solutions to the problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
therefore be concluded that there possible solutions to the problems of
effective teaching and learning of physical education in junior secondary
schools in Ogwashi-Uku.
