The following body mechanism is responsible for the control of arterial
blood pressure
blood pressure
1.
VMC (Vaso motor centre)
VMC (Vaso motor centre)
2.
Chemoreceptor
Chemoreceptor
3.
Baroreceptor
Baroreceptor
4.
Renin
Renin
Heart rate
The easiest way to measure heart rate is to palpate
the pulse in the superficial artery and count beats per minutes. In newborn is
about 120 bpm, it decline with age. Average of 72-80 bpm in female, 64-72 in
male it rise again in elderly.
the pulse in the superficial artery and count beats per minutes. In newborn is
about 120 bpm, it decline with age. Average of 72-80 bpm in female, 64-72 in
male it rise again in elderly.
Pulse Deficit
This is the pulse rate
minus apex beat (pulse rate-apex beat) some pulse waves are present in the heat
but not felt in the periphery. The heart and the pulse rate are the same. Apex
rate is detected using the stethoscope while the pulse rate is felt using our
hands on the periphery.
minus apex beat (pulse rate-apex beat) some pulse waves are present in the heat
but not felt in the periphery. The heart and the pulse rate are the same. Apex
rate is detected using the stethoscope while the pulse rate is felt using our
hands on the periphery.
Pulse Rate
Pulse rate is the wave of
distension and elongation felt in an arterial wall due to the contraction of
the left ventricle.
distension and elongation felt in an arterial wall due to the contraction of
the left ventricle.
At the distension of the
aorta, wave pushes blood alongside of the waves can be felt where an artery
runs over a bone.
aorta, wave pushes blood alongside of the waves can be felt where an artery
runs over a bone.
Spots for pulse
1. Temporal artery
2. Facial artery
3. Common carotid artery
4. Brachial artery
5. Radial artery
6. Femoral artery
7. Popliteal artery
8. Posterior tibial artery
9. Dorsalispedis artery
Maximum Heart Beat (At Exercise)
MHR = 220 – Age
Or
MHR = 217 – 0.85 X Age (Miller formulae)
The average human heart,
beats at 72 beats per minutes. It beat approximately 2.5 billion times during
an average 66yrs life span. With average weight of 250g to 300g in female and
between 300g in male.
beats at 72 beats per minutes. It beat approximately 2.5 billion times during
an average 66yrs life span. With average weight of 250g to 300g in female and
between 300g in male.
The human embryonic heart
begins to beat (70.80 beat per minute) at around 21 days after conception or
five weeks after the last menstrual period. The first day of the menstrual
period is normally used to date the start of gestation.
begins to beat (70.80 beat per minute) at around 21 days after conception or
five weeks after the last menstrual period. The first day of the menstrual
period is normally used to date the start of gestation.
Calculation – Beats per
Minute
Minute
72 beats per minute during
the average life span of 72yrs
the average life span of 72yrs
72 beats per minute x 60 =
4,320 beats per hour.
4,320 beats per hour.
4320 x 24hr =103,680 beats per day
103,680 beats per day x 365 =37,843,200 per yr.
37,840,200 per yr x 72 yrs
= 2,724,710,400