Diabetes is a disease
caused by lack of or insufficient source of insulin in the body.
caused by lack of or insufficient source of insulin in the body.
Types of diabetes
There are three major types of diabetes mellitus
1.
Type 1
(Juvina onset) insulin dependent. This is due to destruction of cell that
produce the hormone insulin is an organ called pancreases. The disease affects
or is mostly common with children between age 10-13 thus their patients depends
on insulin injection for survival because they lack insulin. This disease
affects about 10% patients of the diabetic in the nation.
Type 1
(Juvina onset) insulin dependent. This is due to destruction of cell that
produce the hormone insulin is an organ called pancreases. The disease affects
or is mostly common with children between age 10-13 thus their patients depends
on insulin injection for survival because they lack insulin. This disease
affects about 10% patients of the diabetic in the nation.
2.
Non-
insulin dependents /type II/ adult on set this type of diabetes is caused by
the body’s reduce sensitivity and responsiveness to its own insulin resistance
it is more common in adult with age 40 and above it affects 90%-95% of all
diabetes population.
Non-
insulin dependents /type II/ adult on set this type of diabetes is caused by
the body’s reduce sensitivity and responsiveness to its own insulin resistance
it is more common in adult with age 40 and above it affects 90%-95% of all
diabetes population.
3.
Gestational
diabetics/diabetics in pregnant woman: this type is only found in pregnant
women it resembles type 2 diabetes due to inadequate insulin. Secretion
inadequate in pregnant women. It occurs in about 2-5% of all pregnant diabetes
population.
Gestational
diabetics/diabetics in pregnant woman: this type is only found in pregnant
women it resembles type 2 diabetes due to inadequate insulin. Secretion
inadequate in pregnant women. It occurs in about 2-5% of all pregnant diabetes
population.
This diabetes is fully treatable but require
careful medical supervision throughout the pregnant about 20-25% will develop
type 2 diabetes later in life. Even through gestational diabetes is not
permanent, untreated gestational diabetes can damage the health of unborn child
or pregnant mother.
careful medical supervision throughout the pregnant about 20-25% will develop
type 2 diabetes later in life. Even through gestational diabetes is not
permanent, untreated gestational diabetes can damage the health of unborn child
or pregnant mother.
Causes of diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by
high blood glucose concentration due to insufficient action of the hormone
insulin either by its absence or assistance to its action.
high blood glucose concentration due to insufficient action of the hormone
insulin either by its absence or assistance to its action.
Sign and symptoms of diabetes mellitus
–
Urinating
often
Urinating
often
– Feeling very thirsty
– Feeling very hungry even you are eating
– Extreme fatigue
– Blurry vision
– Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal
– Weight loss even though you are eating more(type 1)
–
Ting
ling, pain, or numbness in hands/feet(type 2)
Ting
ling, pain, or numbness in hands/feet(type 2)
Dietary management of diabetes mellitus
·
To
maintain good nutritional status of the patients through healthy food choices,-
complex carbohydrate plant protein and poly and mono unsaturated fat and oil as
well as animal protein of good biological value.
To
maintain good nutritional status of the patients through healthy food choices,-
complex carbohydrate plant protein and poly and mono unsaturated fat and oil as
well as animal protein of good biological value.
·
Maintenance
of ideal body weight through regular physical activities and exercise.
Maintenance
of ideal body weight through regular physical activities and exercise.
·
Keeping
patient relatively free from symptoms i.e. glycosuria and hyperghycemia (high
blood sugar)
Keeping
patient relatively free from symptoms i.e. glycosuria and hyperghycemia (high
blood sugar)
·
To delay
or prevent complications, which are retionopathy (damage to the tissue of the
eye)
To delay
or prevent complications, which are retionopathy (damage to the tissue of the
eye)
Neuropathy (damage to the nerve tissue)
Nepnropathy (damage to the renal or kidney tissues) and damage to the
coronary artery (heart attack).
coronary artery (heart attack).
Note that in any of
the 3 ways use in the diet management of diabetes, diet plays a major role.
the 3 ways use in the diet management of diabetes, diet plays a major role.
