Analysis of
Objective I
Objective I
Objective I
To examine the level of awareness of Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou on HIV/AIDS
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou on HIV/AIDS
Research
Hypothesis I
Hypothesis I
Ho: There is no significant level of awareness
among the students of Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North
American University, Cotonou on HIV/AIDS.
among the students of Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North
American University, Cotonou on HIV/AIDS.
Ha: There is significant level of awareness among
the students of Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North
American University, Cotonou on HIV/AIDS.
the students of Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North
American University, Cotonou on HIV/AIDS.
Table 4.1: Summary of respondents’ responses to item 1, 2, 3 and 4
|
S/N
|
Awareness
|
A
|
SA
|
D
|
SD
|
|
1
|
Students of Health
Information Management of Houdegbe North American University are aware of HIV/AIDS. |
107 (53.5%)
|
49 (24.5%)
|
30 (15%)
|
14 (7%)
|
|
2
|
Students of Health
Information Management of Houdegbe North American University are aware that HIV leads to the disease called AIDS |
81 (40.5%)
|
97 (48.5%)
|
18 (9%)
|
4 (2%)
|
|
3
|
HIV attacks the
body’s immune system of an infected person. |
53 (26.6%)
|
61 (30.5%)
|
17 (8.5%)
|
69 (34.5%)
|
|
4
|
AIDS is the stage
of infection that occur when the immune system is badly damaged and the infected person become vulnerable to opportunistic infections. |
40 (20%)
|
109 (54.5%)
|
32 (16%)
|
19 (19.5%)
|
Table 4.1 above shows that in item 1, 156 (78%) of the respondents
agreed that students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North
American University are aware of HIV/AIDS while 44 (22%) disagreed. In item 2,
178 (89%) of the respondents agreed that Students of Health Information
Management of Houdegbe North American University are aware that HIV leads to
the disease called AIDS while 22 (11%) disagreed. In item 3, 114 (57%) of the
respondents agreed that HIV attacks the body’s immune system of an infected
person while 86 (43%) disagreed. In item 4, 149 (74.5%) of the respondents
agreed that AIDS is the stage of infection that occur when the immune system is
badly damaged and the infected person become vulnerable to opportunistic infections.
agreed that students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North
American University are aware of HIV/AIDS while 44 (22%) disagreed. In item 2,
178 (89%) of the respondents agreed that Students of Health Information
Management of Houdegbe North American University are aware that HIV leads to
the disease called AIDS while 22 (11%) disagreed. In item 3, 114 (57%) of the
respondents agreed that HIV attacks the body’s immune system of an infected
person while 86 (43%) disagreed. In item 4, 149 (74.5%) of the respondents
agreed that AIDS is the stage of infection that occur when the immune system is
badly damaged and the infected person become vulnerable to opportunistic infections.
The calculated chi-square (X2) is 107.02
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix
II for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2
value which is 107.02 is greater than table value X20.05
at 9df which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that there is no
significant level of awareness among the students of Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
on HIV/AIDS was rejected and the alternate hypothesis which states that
there is significant level of awareness among the students of Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonouon HIV/AIDS was accepted.
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix
II for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2
value which is 107.02 is greater than table value X20.05
at 9df which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that there is no
significant level of awareness among the students of Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
on HIV/AIDS was rejected and the alternate hypothesis which states that
there is significant level of awareness among the students of Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonouon HIV/AIDS was accepted.
This finding
is in line with Cohen
and Hellmann (2015) which stated that HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic with
approximately 37 million people having HIV worldwide in 2014 with the
number of new infections that year being about 2 million. Also Norman (2014) stated that more than 35 million people are
living with HIV which is a potentially disastrous figure which spells out is a
massive global public health problem.
is in line with Cohen
and Hellmann (2015) which stated that HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic with
approximately 37 million people having HIV worldwide in 2014 with the
number of new infections that year being about 2 million. Also Norman (2014) stated that more than 35 million people are
living with HIV which is a potentially disastrous figure which spells out is a
massive global public health problem.
Analysis of Objective II
Objective II
To determine the attitude of Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
on HIV/AIDS
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
on HIV/AIDS
Research Hypothesis II
Ho: Health Information Management students of
Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou do not have a
positive attitude on
HIV/AIDS.
Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou do not have a
positive attitude on
HIV/AIDS.
Ha: Health Information Management students of
Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou have a positive
attitude on HIV/AIDS.
Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou have a positive
attitude on HIV/AIDS.
Table 4.2: Summary of responses to item 5, 6, 7 and 8
|
S/N
|
Attitude
|
A
|
SA
|
D
|
SD
|
|
5
|
Students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American
University avoid risky sexual behaviours |
102 (56%)
|
54 (27%)
|
25 (12.5%)
|
19 (9.5%)
|
|
6
|
The students carry out awareness programmes on how to protect
themselves from HIV/AIDS |
78 (39%)
|
100 (50%)
|
15 (7.5%)
|
7 (3.5%)
|
|
7
|
Students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American
University share hypodermic needles |
47 (23.5%)
|
67 (33.5%)
|
11 (5.5%)
|
75 (37.5%)
|
|
8
|
There is a general indifference concerning HIV/AIDS among the students
of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University |
32 (16%)
|
117 (58.5%)
|
24 (12%)
|
27 (13.5%)
|
Table 4.2 above shows that in item 5, 156 (78%) of
the respondents agreed that students of Health Information Management of
Houdegbe North American University avoid risky sexual behaviours while 44 (22%)
disagreed. In item 6, 178 (89%) of the respondents agreed that the students
carry out awareness programmes on how to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS while
22(11%) disagreed. In item 7, 114 (57%) of the respondents agreed that students
of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University share
hypodermic needles while 86 (43%) disagreed. In item 8, 149 (74.5%) of the
respondents agreed that there is a general indifference concerning HIV/AIDS
among the students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American
University while 51 (25.5%) disagreed.
the respondents agreed that students of Health Information Management of
Houdegbe North American University avoid risky sexual behaviours while 44 (22%)
disagreed. In item 6, 178 (89%) of the respondents agreed that the students
carry out awareness programmes on how to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS while
22(11%) disagreed. In item 7, 114 (57%) of the respondents agreed that students
of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University share
hypodermic needles while 86 (43%) disagreed. In item 8, 149 (74.5%) of the
respondents agreed that there is a general indifference concerning HIV/AIDS
among the students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American
University while 51 (25.5%) disagreed.
The calculated chi-square (X2) is 166.43
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix
III for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2
value which is 166.43 is greater than table value X20.05
at 9df which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou do not have a positive attitude on HIV/AIDS
was rejected while the alternate hypothesis which states that Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou have a positive attitude on HIV/AIDS
was accepted.
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix
III for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2
value which is 166.43 is greater than table value X20.05
at 9df which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou do not have a positive attitude on HIV/AIDS
was rejected while the alternate hypothesis which states that Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou have a positive attitude on HIV/AIDS
was accepted.
This is in line with UNAIDS (2016) which stated
that as HIV/AIDS become a disease that can be both prevented and treated,
attitudes will change and denial, stigma and discrimination will rapidly be
reduced.
that as HIV/AIDS become a disease that can be both prevented and treated,
attitudes will change and denial, stigma and discrimination will rapidly be
reduced.
Analysis of Objective III
Objective III
To highlight the contributory factors to the spread
of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North
American University, Cotonou.
of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North
American University, Cotonou.
Research Hypothesis III
Ho: There are no significant contributory factors
to the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of
Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou.
to the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of
Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou.
Ha: There are significant contributory factors to the
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
Table 4.3: Summary of responses to item 9, 10, 11 and 12
|
S/N
|
ITEM
|
A
|
SA
|
D
|
SD
|
|
9
|
Inadequate HIV/AIDS information leads to the spread of the disease
among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University |
110
|
46
|
11
|
33
|
|
10
|
Limited access to health care services is one of the contributory
factors to the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University |
86
|
92
|
13
|
9
|
|
11
|
Majority of the students infected with HIV/AIDS have poor sexual
health attitudes and behaviours |
61
|
53
|
61
|
25
|
|
12
|
The spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management
of Houdegbe North American University can be attributed to cultural and socio-economic factors. |
46
|
103
|
36
|
15
|
Table 4.3 above shows that in Item 9, 156 (78%) of the respondents agreed that
inadequate HIV/AIDS information leads to the spread of the disease among
students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University
while 44(22%) disagreed. In Item 10, 178 (92%) of the respondents agreed that
limited access to health care services is one of the contributory factors to
the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe
North American University while 22 (11%) disagreed. In Item 11, 114 (57%) of
the respondents agreed that majority of the students infected with HIV/AIDS
have poor sexual health attitudes and behaviours while 86 (43%) disagreed. In
item 12, 149 (74.5%) of the respondents agreed that the spread of HIV/AIDS
among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American
University can be attributed to cultural and socio-economic factors while 51
(25.5%) disagreed.
inadequate HIV/AIDS information leads to the spread of the disease among
students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University
while 44(22%) disagreed. In Item 10, 178 (92%) of the respondents agreed that
limited access to health care services is one of the contributory factors to
the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe
North American University while 22 (11%) disagreed. In Item 11, 114 (57%) of
the respondents agreed that majority of the students infected with HIV/AIDS
have poor sexual health attitudes and behaviours while 86 (43%) disagreed. In
item 12, 149 (74.5%) of the respondents agreed that the spread of HIV/AIDS
among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American
University can be attributed to cultural and socio-economic factors while 51
(25.5%) disagreed.
The calculated chi-square (X2) is 134.9
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix
IV for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2
value which is 134.9 is greater than table value X20.05
at 9df which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that there is no
significant contributory factors to the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou was rejected and the alternate hypothesis which state
that there is significant contributory factors to the spread of HIV/AIDS among
Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou was accepted.
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix
IV for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2
value which is 134.9 is greater than table value X20.05
at 9df which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that there is no
significant contributory factors to the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health
Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou was rejected and the alternate hypothesis which state
that there is significant contributory factors to the spread of HIV/AIDS among
Health Information Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou was accepted.
This finding is in conformity with UNAIDS(2006) which identified contributory factors
to the spread of HIV/AIDS which includes inability of the general public to
recall facts concerning causes, transmission, prevention, concerning HIV/AIDS
stressing that most individuals’ lack of HIV/AIDS information is the primary
reasons for not taking adequate preventive measures. Sharp and Hahn (2011)
stated that a culture of silence surrounds most reproductive health issues
contributes to the spread of HIV/AIDS stating that many adults are
uncomfortable talking about sexuality with their children, others lack accurate
sexual health knowledge. Many people feel unable to discuss sexuality across
perceived barriers of gender and age differences.
to the spread of HIV/AIDS which includes inability of the general public to
recall facts concerning causes, transmission, prevention, concerning HIV/AIDS
stressing that most individuals’ lack of HIV/AIDS information is the primary
reasons for not taking adequate preventive measures. Sharp and Hahn (2011)
stated that a culture of silence surrounds most reproductive health issues
contributes to the spread of HIV/AIDS stating that many adults are
uncomfortable talking about sexuality with their children, others lack accurate
sexual health knowledge. Many people feel unable to discuss sexuality across
perceived barriers of gender and age differences.
Analysis of
Objective IV
Objective IV
Objective IV
To suggest the possible measures to combating the
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
Research
Hypothesis IV
Hypothesis IV
Ho: There are no possible measures to combating the
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
Ha: There are possible measures to combating the
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information Management students of Houdegbe
North American University, Cotonou.
Table 4.4: Summary of responses to item 13, 14, 15
and 16
and 16
|
S/N
|
ITEM
|
A
|
SA
|
D
|
SD
|
|
13
|
Preventive
education programmes can help in combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University |
97
|
59
|
20
|
24
|
|
14
|
Strong political
will on measures to combat HIV/AIDS by the government is importance to curb the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University |
70
|
108
|
12
|
10
|
|
15
|
The spread of
HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University can be minimize through information campaign by non-governmental organisation, public and private sectors |
42
|
72
|
27
|
59
|
|
16
|
Inculcating
HIV/AIDS into education curriculum can help to curtail its spread among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North American University |
48
|
101
|
25
|
26
|
Table 4.4 above it shows that from item 13, 156
(78%) of the respondents agreed that preventive education programmes can help
in combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information
Management of Houdegbe North American University while 44 (22%) disagreed. In
Item 14, 178 (89%) of the respondents agreed that strong political will on
measures to combat HIV/AIDS by the government is importance to curb the spread
of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North
American University while 22 (11%) disagreed. In Item 15, 114 (57%) of the
respondents agreed that the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health
Information Management of Houdegbe North American University can be minimize
through information campaign by non-governmental organisation, public and
private sectors while 86 (43%) disagreed. In Item 16, 149 (74.5%) of the
respondents agreed that inculcating HIV/AIDS into education curriculum can help
to curtail its spread among students of Health Information Management of
Houdegbe North American University while 51 (25.5%) disagreed.
(78%) of the respondents agreed that preventive education programmes can help
in combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information
Management of Houdegbe North American University while 44 (22%) disagreed. In
Item 14, 178 (89%) of the respondents agreed that strong political will on
measures to combat HIV/AIDS by the government is importance to curb the spread
of HIV/AIDS among students of Health Information Management of Houdegbe North
American University while 22 (11%) disagreed. In Item 15, 114 (57%) of the
respondents agreed that the spread of HIV/AIDS among students of Health
Information Management of Houdegbe North American University can be minimize
through information campaign by non-governmental organisation, public and
private sectors while 86 (43%) disagreed. In Item 16, 149 (74.5%) of the
respondents agreed that inculcating HIV/AIDS into education curriculum can help
to curtail its spread among students of Health Information Management of
Houdegbe North American University while 51 (25.5%) disagreed.
The calculated chi-square (X2) is 98.03
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix V
for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2 value
which is 98.03 is greater than table value X20.05 at 9df
which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that there are no possible
measures to combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
was rejected and the alternate hypothesis which states that there are
possible measures to combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
was accepted.
while the value of X2 0.05 at 9df =16.919 (See Appendix V
for details). By applying decision rule, since calculated X2 value
which is 98.03 is greater than table value X20.05 at 9df
which is 16.919, the null hypothesis which states that there are no possible
measures to combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
was rejected and the alternate hypothesis which states that there are
possible measures to combating the spread of HIV/AIDS among Health Information
Management students of Houdegbe North American University, Cotonou
was accepted.
This finding is in line with CDC(2012) which stated that HIV/AIDS can be
prevented through preventive education programmes that can reach
everyone-especially young people, among whom about half of all new HIV
infections are occurring. The best educational programmes should seek to
empower women by providing them with information, skills and services that help
them protect themselves. NACA (2010) also stated since people have different
frames of reference, preventive information cannot be of a one-size-fits-all
variety. It has to be customized for different audiences. Surveys and
assessment studies that reveal the local dynamics of the epidemic and that
identify local attitudes and needs make it possible to tailor prevention
messages effectively.
prevented through preventive education programmes that can reach
everyone-especially young people, among whom about half of all new HIV
infections are occurring. The best educational programmes should seek to
empower women by providing them with information, skills and services that help
them protect themselves. NACA (2010) also stated since people have different
frames of reference, preventive information cannot be of a one-size-fits-all
variety. It has to be customized for different audiences. Surveys and
assessment studies that reveal the local dynamics of the epidemic and that
identify local attitudes and needs make it possible to tailor prevention
messages effectively.
