Introduction
One major
aims of studying ENT diagnostic set is to understand its composition and uses,
and be able to couple and dismantle it for diagnostic purposes.
aims of studying ENT diagnostic set is to understand its composition and uses,
and be able to couple and dismantle it for diagnostic purposes.
Definition
ENT
diagnostic set is a set of medical instrument used for examining the eye, ear,
nose and throat of any disorders.
diagnostic set is a set of medical instrument used for examining the eye, ear,
nose and throat of any disorders.
Technical
Composition/Uses
Composition/Uses
ENT set
is a single instrument that consists of several configurable parts and can be
used for four functions by medical practitioners.
is a single instrument that consists of several configurable parts and can be
used for four functions by medical practitioners.
The
following are parts of the ENT set:
following are parts of the ENT set:
1.
The base
or handle
The base
or handle
2.
Ear
speculum
Ear
speculum
3.
Nosal
speculum
Nosal
speculum
4.
Magnifying
lens
Magnifying
lens
5.
Fundoscope
Fundoscope
6.
Angle
mirror of different sizes
Angle
mirror of different sizes
7.
Mirror
handle
Mirror
handle
8.
Tongue
depressor or spatula
Tongue
depressor or spatula
9.
Switch
Switch
10.
Laryngoscope
Laryngoscope
Description of ENT Set Parts
1.
Handle or
base: This is the body of the instrument that is configured. It consists of
battery case which makes use of two medium size batteries, a lid at the basal end,
a switch and contact point which regulates the battery with configuring parts.
The battery provides the source of light energy.
Handle or
base: This is the body of the instrument that is configured. It consists of
battery case which makes use of two medium size batteries, a lid at the basal end,
a switch and contact point which regulates the battery with configuring parts.
The battery provides the source of light energy.
2.
Speculum:
A speculum is a funnel-like apparatus for inserting into an opening of a cavity
of a today such as rectum, vagina, nasal orifice, in order that the interior
may be examined.
Speculum:
A speculum is a funnel-like apparatus for inserting into an opening of a cavity
of a today such as rectum, vagina, nasal orifice, in order that the interior
may be examined.
3.
Ear Speculum
Auriscope: An ENT set ear speculum has different sizes (depending in the size
of the patient ear orifice). A ear speculum is fixed to a short cylindrical
prism contains a lens at one end and a light-bulb at the middle directed
towards the other end (which is open). Usually the ear speculum is fitted to
the free opening and of the metal prism. The metal prism also has a downward
projection which comments the light. It is this projection which that is
configured or fitted to the handle by means of a screw to complete the ear set.
The lens, light bulb, metal prism, and the ear speculum fitted to the handle is
collected called the auriscope. Therefore, an auriscope is defined as an
instrument for examining the ear drum (inner ear) and the passage leading to
it. Form the external auditory meatus. It consists of lens, light and speculum.
During examination, the speculum is directed at the ear orifice while the light
is switch on for the observer to view through the lens.
Ear Speculum
Auriscope: An ENT set ear speculum has different sizes (depending in the size
of the patient ear orifice). A ear speculum is fixed to a short cylindrical
prism contains a lens at one end and a light-bulb at the middle directed
towards the other end (which is open). Usually the ear speculum is fitted to
the free opening and of the metal prism. The metal prism also has a downward
projection which comments the light. It is this projection which that is
configured or fitted to the handle by means of a screw to complete the ear set.
The lens, light bulb, metal prism, and the ear speculum fitted to the handle is
collected called the auriscope. Therefore, an auriscope is defined as an
instrument for examining the ear drum (inner ear) and the passage leading to
it. Form the external auditory meatus. It consists of lens, light and speculum.
During examination, the speculum is directed at the ear orifice while the light
is switch on for the observer to view through the lens.
4.
Nasal Speculum: An ENT nasal speculum consists of funnel-like
shape at the frontal end, and a cylindrical prism at the basal and with an
opening in between them at the upper surface. It is constructed in such a way
that the mouth of the speculum divides vertically downwards into two parts to
the upper opening so that the mouth can be adjusted to open and close with a
screw. Therefore, the nasal speculum can be adapted according to the size of
the nostril of the patient. In use, the nasal speculum is fixed to a metal
cylindrical prism consisting of lens and light and fitted to the handle. It is
used to examine the nasal cavity of disorder. The light illuminates the area
under examination for clear observation.
Nasal Speculum: An ENT nasal speculum consists of funnel-like
shape at the frontal end, and a cylindrical prism at the basal and with an
opening in between them at the upper surface. It is constructed in such a way
that the mouth of the speculum divides vertically downwards into two parts to
the upper opening so that the mouth can be adjusted to open and close with a
screw. Therefore, the nasal speculum can be adapted according to the size of
the nostril of the patient. In use, the nasal speculum is fixed to a metal
cylindrical prism consisting of lens and light and fitted to the handle. It is
used to examine the nasal cavity of disorder. The light illuminates the area
under examination for clear observation.
5.
Magnifying
Lens: This is a glass material that
enlarges the object under focus. The examiner views through the magnifying lens
Magnifying
Lens: This is a glass material that
enlarges the object under focus. The examiner views through the magnifying lens
6.
Laryngoscope:
This is a device consisting of handle (mirror handle) and blade (tongue depress
or spatula) and angle mirror fitted with a light for moving the tongue and epiglottis
aside in order the examine the larynx or view the throat. There are different
types. As for the ENT set, the tongue depressor is used to press down the
tongue and the angle mirror reflects on the throat while the examiner views
through the lens and speculum.
Laryngoscope:
This is a device consisting of handle (mirror handle) and blade (tongue depress
or spatula) and angle mirror fitted with a light for moving the tongue and epiglottis
aside in order the examine the larynx or view the throat. There are different
types. As for the ENT set, the tongue depressor is used to press down the
tongue and the angle mirror reflects on the throat while the examiner views
through the lens and speculum.
7.
Fundoscope:
This is also called ophthalmoscopes. It is used for examining the interior of
the eye. An ophthaemoscope consist of light, lens and disc. There is a device
for rotating and changing the lenses for observation. The fundoscope is fixed
to the handle (body) and adjusted for the examiner to view the eye.
Fundoscope:
This is also called ophthalmoscopes. It is used for examining the interior of
the eye. An ophthaemoscope consist of light, lens and disc. There is a device
for rotating and changing the lenses for observation. The fundoscope is fixed
to the handle (body) and adjusted for the examiner to view the eye.
8.
The
Switch: This is a black circular part around the anterior of the handle (body)
used for adjusting or regulating the light.
The
Switch: This is a black circular part around the anterior of the handle (body)
used for adjusting or regulating the light.
Procedure for Carrying out ENT Diagnostic
Examination
Examination
ü Approach patient/diet with a friendly smite and introduce
yourself and collect bio-data from patient or relative
yourself and collect bio-data from patient or relative
ü Explain procedure to patient/client, allaying is
fears and soliciting his co-operation.
fears and soliciting his co-operation.
ü Obtain permission to wash your hand; wash hands
properly, dry with clean hand towel and rub against each other to create
warmth.
properly, dry with clean hand towel and rub against each other to create
warmth.
ü Talk with and touch or handle patients with respect
and dignity as you give instructions on positioning the head
and dignity as you give instructions on positioning the head
ü Carryout a general observation and inspection of
the external ear, middle ear and around the ear for the two ears.
the external ear, middle ear and around the ear for the two ears.
ü Observation and inspection is also carried out
physical for the eyes, nose or mouth if that is the area of interest or focus.
physical for the eyes, nose or mouth if that is the area of interest or focus.
ü Configure the required instrument such as
ophthalmoscope, otoscope, funduscope or oroscope.
ophthalmoscope, otoscope, funduscope or oroscope.
ü Issue out required instructions to client e.g. turn
head to one side please, open your mouth, face up or look straight depending on
the area of focus.
head to one side please, open your mouth, face up or look straight depending on
the area of focus.
ü Remember to use the night size of speculum for the
right patient.
right patient.
ü Make sure that the batteries are rightly connected
and that there is light.
and that there is light.
ü View the area of interest and note your findings.
Explain findings to your patient or relative and make him comfortable
Explain findings to your patient or relative and make him comfortable
ü Give necessary health instruction/advice to the
client or relative as well as next visit appointment/follow up instructions.
client or relative as well as next visit appointment/follow up instructions.
ü Document your findings and report to your examiner
or superior officer.
or superior officer.
ü When treating with the standing orders, compares
findings with appropriate action and treat as prescribed or refer as
recommended.
findings with appropriate action and treat as prescribed or refer as
recommended.
How to Sterilize the ENT Diagnostic Set
The
following steps should be followed:
following steps should be followed:
1.
Remove
the batteries
Remove
the batteries
2.
Dismantle
the integral parts and place them into one sixth bleach (chlorine solution) of
water volume that is one part of the water solution should be bleach the water.
It should be allowed to stay for about 30 minutes.
Dismantle
the integral parts and place them into one sixth bleach (chlorine solution) of
water volume that is one part of the water solution should be bleach the water.
It should be allowed to stay for about 30 minutes.
3.
Remove
them and wash with soap, rinse them with water and keep dry for 10 minutes.
Remove
them and wash with soap, rinse them with water and keep dry for 10 minutes.
4.
Again
place the items into one sixth chlorine solution of water volume for a
reasonable time frame and keep them in a safe place.
Again
place the items into one sixth chlorine solution of water volume for a
reasonable time frame and keep them in a safe place.
