Mechanism of swallowing (deglutition)

Swallowing is a complicated mechanism, principally
because the pharynx most of the time sub serves respiration instead of
swallowing. It is converted for only a few seconds at a time into a tract for
propulsion of food. It is especially important that respiration not be
compromised because of swallowing.

In generals swallowing can be divided into three
stages:
Stage 1:  A voluntary stage,  which initials the swallowing process
Stage 2:  A pharyngeal stage, which is involuntary and
constitutes the passages food through the pharynx into the esophagus.
State 3: An esophageal stage,
another involuntary phase that promotes passage of food from the pharynx to the
stomach.
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