a. File: A
file is a resource for storing information. It is usually in the form; the
traditional paper documents which traditionally are kept in office and library
or the modern files available in the form of a computer program and are usually
based on some kind of durable storage.
file is a resource for storing information. It is usually in the form; the
traditional paper documents which traditionally are kept in office and library
or the modern files available in the form of a computer program and are usually
based on some kind of durable storage.
b. Master File: A master file is a collection of information especially to one of the
main subjects of an information system. The main fields of a master file are
generally indexed for matching against the transaction records as well as fast
retrieval for queries. This type of file is made up of descriptive data, such
as name and address, as well as summary information.
main subjects of an information system. The main fields of a master file are
generally indexed for matching against the transaction records as well as fast
retrieval for queries. This type of file is made up of descriptive data, such
as name and address, as well as summary information.
c. Transaction File: This is a type of file which is
used to store information which is basically transaction records. The
information which are usually entered in this file are use to update the master
files. This type of file is usually
important because it serves as an audit trails and history for information
stored in the master file, since it contains details of description of
information which is entered in the master file.
used to store information which is basically transaction records. The
information which are usually entered in this file are use to update the master
files. This type of file is usually
important because it serves as an audit trails and history for information
stored in the master file, since it contains details of description of
information which is entered in the master file.
d. File Merging: Most often, it is necessary when a file is modified by two people on two
different computers at the same time, the two files are merged into a single
collection of files that contains both sets of changes. File merging also called file integration
is a fundamental operation that reconciles multiple changes made to a
collection of files.
different computers at the same time, the two files are merged into a single
collection of files that contains both sets of changes. File merging also called file integration
is a fundamental operation that reconciles multiple changes made to a
collection of files.
e. File Updating: This is changes made to a document by adding, removing or upgrading
information to a more recent version. In doing this, extreme care must be taken
to ensure that valuable information are not lost or unnecessarily tempered
with.
information to a more recent version. In doing this, extreme care must be taken
to ensure that valuable information are not lost or unnecessarily tempered
with.
f. File Maintenance: File means the time to time addition or deletion of information or data
contained in a given file. In file maintenance, which involves deleting of
files, it is necessary to adequately back up files to ensure they can be
retrieved if need be.
contained in a given file. In file maintenance, which involves deleting of
files, it is necessary to adequately back up files to ensure they can be
retrieved if need be.
g. File Creation: File creation can be done offline such as that of typical hard copy file
or through the computer as in soft copy format. The process of arranging
information in a format that is easily identified located and identified for
further purposes.
or through the computer as in soft copy format. The process of arranging
information in a format that is easily identified located and identified for
further purposes.
h. File Sorting: This includes ordering (arranging items in a sequence ordered by some
criterion) and categorizing (grouping items with similar properties). This
process entails arranging information systematically.
criterion) and categorizing (grouping items with similar properties). This
process entails arranging information systematically.
i. File Interrogating: The process of obtaining useful information using different techniques
to further understand the subject or the content of the file is referred to as
file interrogating.
to further understand the subject or the content of the file is referred to as
file interrogating.
j. File Querying: File querying is a process
that allows individuals to quickly and easily view, analyze and modify files
(delimited or fixed-width) directly, as though they were in a database.
that allows individuals to quickly and easily view, analyze and modify files
(delimited or fixed-width) directly, as though they were in a database.
