The importance of immunization and immunization schedule

Objectives

At the
end of the program, the audience should be able to:

·
Define
immunization

·
List the
diseases that can be prevented through immunization

·
Mention
the names of the various vaccine

·
Itemize
the importance of immunization.

Introduction

In the
past it is common to see children and adult suffer diseases like small pox,
measles, tuberculosis and night blindness etc today with the aid of
immunization some disease have been eradicated.

Definition of Immunization

Immunization
is the inoculation of antigens into the tissue of animal to bring about the
production of antibodies that fights pathogenic organisms.

What
is Vaccine

Vaccine
create immunity that protect individual from an infection without causing the
suffering of the disease itself, sometime vaccine are called immunization

Vaccine is
a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular
diseases.

Diseases that can be prevented through immunization
are:

1)
Haemophilius
influence types B (also known as HIB disease or infection of the throat lung,
blood, joint and protective covering of the brain and spinal cord leading to
pneumonia and meningitis).

2)
Diphtheria
(infection of the upper respiratory tract leading to sore throat, swollen neck
glands, high temperature and breathing difficulties

3)
Tetanus
(also known as “lock jaw” is an infection of the brain and nervous system
leading to stiffness in the jaw muscles as well as other muscles).

4)
Pertusis
( more commonly known as whooping cough”

5)
Hepatitis
B (an infections inflammatory illness of the liver.

Vaccine
that can be used to prevent these diseases

·
Bacillus
Calmette Guerin (BCG) provides immunity against tuberculosis, is given at birth
or within 2 weeks of delivery. 0.5ml is given at the left upper arm.

·
Oral
polio vaccine (OPV) provides immunity and poliomyelitis. It is given at birth 6
wks, 10 wks, and 14 wks of birth 2 to 3 drops are given

·
Measles,
vaccine provides immunity against measles infection. It is given at 9 months of
birth. 0.5ml is given at the left upper arm.

·
Pentavalent
vaccine known as 5 in one vaccine provides immunity against Diphtheria,
pertusis also known as whooping cough, tetanus, hepatitis B, and heamophilius influenza
types B. given at 6 wks, 10 wks and 14 wks. 0.5ml is given at the upper thigh.

·
Tetanus
vaccine provides immunity against tetanus also known as “lock jaw”. It is given
to children also it is taken 5 times in life time from 15 years to 49 years.
0.5ml is given at upper arm.

·
Yellow
fever vaccine provides immunity against yellow fever. It is given at 9 month
and later after ten years, 0.5ml is given at right upper arm

·
Vitamin A
capsule serves as supplement in diet to prevent night blindness and boost ones
immunity. It is given from (6 month blue colour) and 59 month is red color, it
is given orally.

Importance of immunization

1.
It
increases the production of antibodies that fight diseases.

2.
It reduces
material death.

3.
It
enhances good health.

4.
It is
safe effective and free.

Points to remember after immunization

1.
Give
paracetamol to your child if there is increase in body temperature or pain where
the vaccine is given

2.
Do not
massage the place where the infection is given with hot water or with hands to
avoid swollen

Song

Get your
children vaccinated

Freely,
freely we give to you