The Concept of Wild Fire


A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire in an
area of combustible vegetation that occurs in the countryside area. Other names
such as brush fire, bush fire, forest fire, desert fire,
grass fire, hill fire, peat fire, vegetation fire,
and veldfire may be used to
describe the same phenomenon depending on the type of vegetation being burned,
and the regional variant of English being used. A wildfire differs from other
fires by its extensive size, the speed at which it can spread out from its
original source, its potential to change direction unexpectedly, and its
ability to jump gaps such as roads, rivers and fire breaks. Wildfires are characterized
in terms of the cause of ignition, their physical properties such as speed of
propagation, the combustible material present, and the effect of weather on the
fire.

Wildfires are a common occurrence in hot and dry climate and they
pose a great risk to life and infrastructure during all times of the year,
though mostly throughout the hotter months of the year. Wildfires can cause
extensive damage, both to property and human life. Wildfires differ from other
fires in that they take place outdoors in areas of
grassland, woodlands, bushland, scrubland, peatland, and other wooded areas that act as a source of fuel, or combustible material. Buildings may become
involved if a wildfire spreads to adjacent communities. While the causes of
wildfires vary and the outcomes are always unique, all wildfires can be
characterized in terms of their physical properties, their fuel type, and the
effect that weather has on the fire. Wildfire behaviour and severity result
from the combination of factors such as available fuels, physical setting, and
weather.
In Nigeria, the dry season especially the harmattan
is associated with the occurrence of wild fire with can be traced to poor
agricultural practices, carelessness and willful ignition of fire. The
occurrence of wild fire lead to huge economic loses, environmental pollution,
destruction of biodiversity and lost of life which could only be controlled
through adequate emergency preparedness over the occurrence of wild fire.
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