It is very common on the
screen and street and parties where vegetables are bought from the local
markets, vendors and even street and farmlands. Some consumers may prefer to
wash while some under-washed and some by mere vigorous shaking to cook side
dish, salad and vegetable sauce.
screen and street and parties where vegetables are bought from the local
markets, vendors and even street and farmlands. Some consumers may prefer to
wash while some under-washed and some by mere vigorous shaking to cook side
dish, salad and vegetable sauce.
Consumption of raw unhygienically
prepared vegetables such as Cabbage, Lettuce, Okra, Carrot, Water leaf, Bitter
leaf, Pumpkin, Tomato etc is considered to be a risk factor for human parasitic
infections. Fresh fruits and vegetables can be agents of transmission of
protozoan cysts and helminths eggs and larvae (Cheesbrough, 1998; Coellho et al., 2011; Erodogrul et al., 2005; Daryani et al., 2008).
prepared vegetables such as Cabbage, Lettuce, Okra, Carrot, Water leaf, Bitter
leaf, Pumpkin, Tomato etc is considered to be a risk factor for human parasitic
infections. Fresh fruits and vegetables can be agents of transmission of
protozoan cysts and helminths eggs and larvae (Cheesbrough, 1998; Coellho et al., 2011; Erodogrul et al., 2005; Daryani et al., 2008).
Outbreak of intestinal
parasitic infections epidemiologically associated with raw vegetables have been
reported from developing countries and the micro-organisms normally present on
the surface of raw fruits and vegetables may be contaminants from soil or dust
particles or others that have grown and colonized by utilizing nutrients exuded
from plants tissues. Food-borne trematodes infections are major health
problems, with an estimated 40 million persons, mainly in Eastern and Southern
Asia being affected. Indiscriminate faecal disposition in bushes, farm lands
with a belief of enriching the lands is also a common practice by farmers and
unlearned citizens. Some of the water bodies used for irrigation is also
polluted with parasites infected excreta, which could lead to recycling of
infection. Majority of the inhabitants of this area are marginal farmers and
petty traders of low economic status. He watering of vegetables at this period
is through irrigation. It is a common practice that majority of the farmers use
human and animal manures to augment the commercially processed fertilizer to
limit their cost of farming(Ortega et al.,1997;
Mitz et al., 1993; Abdussalam et al., 1995; Ayer et al., 1992).
parasitic infections epidemiologically associated with raw vegetables have been
reported from developing countries and the micro-organisms normally present on
the surface of raw fruits and vegetables may be contaminants from soil or dust
particles or others that have grown and colonized by utilizing nutrients exuded
from plants tissues. Food-borne trematodes infections are major health
problems, with an estimated 40 million persons, mainly in Eastern and Southern
Asia being affected. Indiscriminate faecal disposition in bushes, farm lands
with a belief of enriching the lands is also a common practice by farmers and
unlearned citizens. Some of the water bodies used for irrigation is also
polluted with parasites infected excreta, which could lead to recycling of
infection. Majority of the inhabitants of this area are marginal farmers and
petty traders of low economic status. He watering of vegetables at this period
is through irrigation. It is a common practice that majority of the farmers use
human and animal manures to augment the commercially processed fertilizer to
limit their cost of farming(Ortega et al.,1997;
Mitz et al., 1993; Abdussalam et al., 1995; Ayer et al., 1992).
These problems stated above
are also applicable in Nigeria especially in Ughelli-North Government Area
,Delta State where this research is been conducted. Therefore, practical and
reliable detection methods for monitoring foodstuffs will aid the prevention of
parasitic diseases outbreak associated with contaminated food as also stated by
Joyous in 1997.
are also applicable in Nigeria especially in Ughelli-North Government Area
,Delta State where this research is been conducted. Therefore, practical and
reliable detection methods for monitoring foodstuffs will aid the prevention of
parasitic diseases outbreak associated with contaminated food as also stated by
Joyous in 1997.
In the past, the risk of
human infection with parasites was considered to be limited to distinct
geographical regions because of parasitic adaptations to specific definitive
host, selective intermediate host and particular environmental conditions. These
barriers are slowly been breached first by international travel developing into
a major industry and second by rapid refrigerated food transport which became
available to an unprecedented level at the end of the 20th century. Taking into
account that a proportion of the vegetables cultivated in these developing
countries are expected to develop once, the risk of spreading these
contaminations to other countries cannot be overlooked (Orlandi et al., 2002).
human infection with parasites was considered to be limited to distinct
geographical regions because of parasitic adaptations to specific definitive
host, selective intermediate host and particular environmental conditions. These
barriers are slowly been breached first by international travel developing into
a major industry and second by rapid refrigerated food transport which became
available to an unprecedented level at the end of the 20th century. Taking into
account that a proportion of the vegetables cultivated in these developing
countries are expected to develop once, the risk of spreading these
contaminations to other countries cannot be overlooked (Orlandi et al., 2002).
In view of this, this research
is designed to evaluate the consumption of vegetables that are infested with
helminthic parasites in some markets (Agbarho, Agbarha, Orogun, Uwiere and
Ughelli main market).
is designed to evaluate the consumption of vegetables that are infested with
helminthic parasites in some markets (Agbarho, Agbarha, Orogun, Uwiere and
Ughelli main market).