Introduction
Malaria is
an endemic disease that is resulting from the bite of a certain mosquito known
as infected anopheles mosquitoes.
an endemic disease that is resulting from the bite of a certain mosquito known
as infected anopheles mosquitoes.
Malaria is also a bacteria disease that is commonly
found in tropical countries. Malaria has been the commonest disease throughout
the whole world according to statistics recorded in hospitals and medical centres.
The disease causes period of fever and shivering when it attack human.
found in tropical countries. Malaria has been the commonest disease throughout
the whole world according to statistics recorded in hospitals and medical centres.
The disease causes period of fever and shivering when it attack human.
Mosquito have killed
more than half of all humans who have ever lived. Even more than war, plague,
famine and heart disease by transmitting malaria. Mosquitoes have recorded cases anywhere from 1
to 2.7 million deaths each year. An expert said that if nothing is done about
malaria, the annual death toll cold in the next 20
years. Scientists are aggressively tackling the malaria problem transmitted by mosquitoes
and indications are that we will soon turn the tables in our favour. Let‘s take a look at some of the most
promising possibilities.
more than half of all humans who have ever lived. Even more than war, plague,
famine and heart disease by transmitting malaria. Mosquitoes have recorded cases anywhere from 1
to 2.7 million deaths each year. An expert said that if nothing is done about
malaria, the annual death toll cold in the next 20
years. Scientists are aggressively tackling the malaria problem transmitted by mosquitoes
and indications are that we will soon turn the tables in our favour. Let‘s take a look at some of the most
promising possibilities.
The government has
tried in the recent years to distribute insecticide treated net control to
control mosquitoes bite. A number of studies have demonstrated that the use of
insecticide treated nets is effective in reducing malaria related morbidity and
mortality for children 1-9 years of age was detected during the first year of
the Gambian National Bed net Program.
tried in the recent years to distribute insecticide treated net control to
control mosquitoes bite. A number of studies have demonstrated that the use of
insecticide treated nets is effective in reducing malaria related morbidity and
mortality for children 1-9 years of age was detected during the first year of
the Gambian National Bed net Program.
In kilifi
District, Kenya, 33% reduction in hospital admissions for severe malaria was
also found. Although these trials have demonstrated that insecticide treated
net are effective malaria control strategy, there have been many challenges to
insecticide net distribution, acceptance and utilization when trying to
implement large-scale insecticide treated net
programs and getting knowledge about
the cause of malaria and about
the existence of insecticide treated was low in many malaria endemic
communities. For those area which have been visited by publicity campaigns,
high cost and lack of access were some of the reasons stated as to why
insecticide treated net were not used. Since 1993, one of the Malian National
Malaria Control Programs (NMCP) main objectives was to have 90% of net users in
moptic region treating their bed nets with insecticide, but it has only
achieved 10-30% usage rates to date (NMCP Unpublished data).
District, Kenya, 33% reduction in hospital admissions for severe malaria was
also found. Although these trials have demonstrated that insecticide treated
net are effective malaria control strategy, there have been many challenges to
insecticide net distribution, acceptance and utilization when trying to
implement large-scale insecticide treated net
programs and getting knowledge about
the cause of malaria and about
the existence of insecticide treated was low in many malaria endemic
communities. For those area which have been visited by publicity campaigns,
high cost and lack of access were some of the reasons stated as to why
insecticide treated net were not used. Since 1993, one of the Malian National
Malaria Control Programs (NMCP) main objectives was to have 90% of net users in
moptic region treating their bed nets with insecticide, but it has only
achieved 10-30% usage rates to date (NMCP Unpublished data).
In the
2000, a household survey was conducted in four villages of moptic region in
order to identify the barriers to insecticide treated net use. Although
government media campaign about (ITNS) was highly variable among the four
villages.
2000, a household survey was conducted in four villages of moptic region in
order to identify the barriers to insecticide treated net use. Although
government media campaign about (ITNS) was highly variable among the four
villages.
To
help us survey some of these effects, we recruited the help of Professor
Marcelo Jacobs Lovena of the malaria institute of the Johns Hopkins School of Public
Health; He is actively working on a cutting – edge solution that could make a
profound impact in the struggle to rid the world of this blight. The part of
the problem in dealing with mosquitoes is that both of their organisms are
incredibly resilient.
help us survey some of these effects, we recruited the help of Professor
Marcelo Jacobs Lovena of the malaria institute of the Johns Hopkins School of Public
Health; He is actively working on a cutting – edge solution that could make a
profound impact in the struggle to rid the world of this blight. The part of
the problem in dealing with mosquitoes is that both of their organisms are
incredibly resilient.
Mosquitoes are proving to be a rather hearty species, exhibiting
a remarkable resilience when hit with drugs and insecticides. As a result of
this kinds of interventions are proving insufficient and malaria is even worse.
According to Jacobs Lovena, no one has created a vaccine largely on account of
hyper adaptability to human immune system. In Africa the result of the study
which involved over 15,000 children shoved that the vaccine can offer promotion
against both clinical and serves malaria. Scientists are also working on other
strategies including efforts to reduce mosquitoes’’ population.
a remarkable resilience when hit with drugs and insecticides. As a result of
this kinds of interventions are proving insufficient and malaria is even worse.
According to Jacobs Lovena, no one has created a vaccine largely on account of
hyper adaptability to human immune system. In Africa the result of the study
which involved over 15,000 children shoved that the vaccine can offer promotion
against both clinical and serves malaria. Scientists are also working on other
strategies including efforts to reduce mosquitoes’’ population.
Causative Agent / Vector.
Malaria is
caused by plasmodium species (spp).
caused by plasmodium species (spp).
Mode of
Transmission.
Transmission.
Their mode of transmission is by feeding. The parasite
is transferred to human through the bite of infected mosquitoes. There are four
type of mosquitoes, but not all transferred malaria. They are as listed below;
is transferred to human through the bite of infected mosquitoes. There are four
type of mosquitoes, but not all transferred malaria. They are as listed below;
Ø Aedes
Ø Anopheles
Ø Colex
Ø Mansoni
The main one that causes malaria is the anopheles
mosquitoes.
mosquitoes.
Incubation
Period
Period
Normally the incubation period is 0 – 7 days.
Signs & Symptoms.
Headache
Prevention/
Control Measure
Control Measure
Carryout effective environmental sanitation
Conclusion: – Insecticide treated net must be treated by
household by treating their nets with insecticides and significantly higher
levels of knowledge about malaria and its prevention. It is highly important to
health educate individual about malaria and to prevent net impregnated services
with limited resources, greater accessibility to net- impregnated service is
necessary, but not sufficient to increase insecticides treated nets uses.
household by treating their nets with insecticides and significantly higher
levels of knowledge about malaria and its prevention. It is highly important to
health educate individual about malaria and to prevent net impregnated services
with limited resources, greater accessibility to net- impregnated service is
necessary, but not sufficient to increase insecticides treated nets uses.
Recommendation.
Malaria can be war against by the following
procedure:-
procedure:-
ü Carrying out
proper and sanitary environmental sanitation, to control breeding of mosquitoes
which are liable to cause malaria.
proper and sanitary environmental sanitation, to control breeding of mosquitoes
which are liable to cause malaria.
ü By using environmental
dangerous chemicals, such as DDT
dangerous chemicals, such as DDT
ü By the use of bed net or insecticides treated nets
ü Also with the use of sprayers to interfering with
their life cycle. The liquid form is very thin surface film, disrupting
mosquito reproduction. Pupae in water all die within two hours of the liquid
being sprayed, while liquid being sprayed, none of the larva get to advance to
the pupa stage. The films also prevent mosquitoes from laying their eggs in the
water this product is called Agustain AMF.
their life cycle. The liquid form is very thin surface film, disrupting
mosquito reproduction. Pupae in water all die within two hours of the liquid
being sprayed, while liquid being sprayed, none of the larva get to advance to
the pupa stage. The films also prevent mosquitoes from laying their eggs in the
water this product is called Agustain AMF.