Cholera

This
is a bacteria disease that occurs epidemically in Africa and Asian countries.
The incubation period is 1-7 days. It is caused by vibrio cholera. This is
being transmitted by faecal contamination of food and water.

Signs and symptoms

1.
Sudden
onset of profuse vomiting and diarrhea.

2.
Profuse
dehydration

3.
Toxemia
and shock occurring between a short time

4.
Muscle
cramp

Management and control measures

1.
Treat
dehydration

2.
Identify
source of infection and eliminate it

3.
Diagnosis,
isolation and treatment of causative agent with antibiotics e.g tetracyclines
streptomin, furazolidone, etc.

4.
Environmental
sanitation

5.
Immunization

6.
Health
education

7.
Portable

Dysentery: Dysentery is an intestinal
inflammation, primarily of the colon. It can lead to mild or severe stomach,
cramps and severe diarrhea with mucus or
blood in the faeces.

Causes

1.
Worm
infection

2.
Chemical
irritation

3.
Viral
infection

Sign and symptoms

1.
A
slight stomach ache

2.
Cramping

3.
Diarrhea

4.
Intense
abdominal pain

5.
Fever

Meningitis: This is inflammation of the meninges
(membranes) that covers the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by the genus of
bacteria called meningococci

Signs and symptoms

1.
Fever

2.
Headache

3.
Neck
stiffness

4.
Convulsion

5.
Vomiting

Complication

1.
Deafness

2.
Encephatitis

3.
Death

Control measures

1.
Give
immunization