An antibody is a substance in the plasma or serum of
an individual as a result of antigenic stimulation, and which when mixed with
the antigen reacts specifically with it in some observable ways (Abayomi,
2007).
an individual as a result of antigenic stimulation, and which when mixed with
the antigen reacts specifically with it in some observable ways (Abayomi,
2007).
In ABO blood group system, antibodies are consistent,
predictable and naturally present in the serum of people who lack antigen. The
antibodies are naturally occurring, i.e. they are non-red all stimulated. They
can also be called regularly occurring because if an antigen is missing, the
corresponding antibody is always present. Most people have anti-A and anti-B
which are strong naturally occurring antibodies is mainly lgM but also have a
small amount of lgG and even traces of lgA. Immune anti-A and anti-B can be
stimulated by exposure to A and B antigens and by some vaccination which
contain bacteria A and B-like antigens. Group O people in particular tend to
make more lgG anti-A and anti-B than the other group. The antibodies are not
normally present at both but develop between 3-6 months of age due to unknown
antigenic stimuli, presumable bacteria foodstuff and reach highest level
between 5-10, fairly in adulthood and slowly decline in old age. The anti-A and
anti-B can readily activate, complement and cause agglutination without
exposure to red cell containing the antigen (Schroeder and Jensen, 2014).
predictable and naturally present in the serum of people who lack antigen. The
antibodies are naturally occurring, i.e. they are non-red all stimulated. They
can also be called regularly occurring because if an antigen is missing, the
corresponding antibody is always present. Most people have anti-A and anti-B
which are strong naturally occurring antibodies is mainly lgM but also have a
small amount of lgG and even traces of lgA. Immune anti-A and anti-B can be
stimulated by exposure to A and B antigens and by some vaccination which
contain bacteria A and B-like antigens. Group O people in particular tend to
make more lgG anti-A and anti-B than the other group. The antibodies are not
normally present at both but develop between 3-6 months of age due to unknown
antigenic stimuli, presumable bacteria foodstuff and reach highest level
between 5-10, fairly in adulthood and slowly decline in old age. The anti-A and
anti-B can readily activate, complement and cause agglutination without
exposure to red cell containing the antigen (Schroeder and Jensen, 2014).
Rhesus Blood Group
Antibodies
Antibodies
The Rh
antibodies are lgG antibodies which are acquired through exposure to
Rh-positive blood (generally either through pregnancy or transfusion of blood
product). The D antigen is the most immunogenic of all non-ABO antigens. All Rh
antibodies except D antibody react more strongly with red cells homozygous for
an antigen than cells heterozygous for the antigen. Rh antibodies are capable of
causing haemolytic transfusion reaction with extravascular haemolytic disease
of foetus and newborn (Mais, 2014).
antibodies are lgG antibodies which are acquired through exposure to
Rh-positive blood (generally either through pregnancy or transfusion of blood
product). The D antigen is the most immunogenic of all non-ABO antigens. All Rh
antibodies except D antibody react more strongly with red cells homozygous for
an antigen than cells heterozygous for the antigen. Rh antibodies are capable of
causing haemolytic transfusion reaction with extravascular haemolytic disease
of foetus and newborn (Mais, 2014).
