1. Abstinence
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 100%
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 100%
What is Abstinence?
Refraining from vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse.
·
No risk
of unintended pregnancy.
No risk
of unintended pregnancy.
·
No risk
of becoming infected with a sexually transmitted disease.
No risk
of becoming infected with a sexually transmitted disease.
·
Opportunities
to express feelings and affection for another in other ways.
Opportunities
to express feelings and affection for another in other ways.
Disadvantages of Abstinence:
·
Both
partners must agree to honor this choice.
Both
partners must agree to honor this choice.
·
Partners
must have excellent communication skills; yes must mean yes and no must mean
no.
Partners
must have excellent communication skills; yes must mean yes and no must mean
no.
·
May need
emergency contraceptive method if this method fails.
May need
emergency contraceptive method if this method fails.
Side
Effects
Effects
·
No
medical side effects
No
medical side effects
2. Cervical Cap
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 60-90 %
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 60-90 %
What is the cervical cap?
·
It is a
barrier contraceptive method.
It is a
barrier contraceptive method.
·
A soft
rubber cup like device that fits snuggly around the base of the cervix.
A soft
rubber cup like device that fits snuggly around the base of the cervix.
·
It is
used with spermicide for prolonged and additional pregnancy prevention.
It is
used with spermicide for prolonged and additional pregnancy prevention.
What are the advantages of the cervical cap?
·
Simple to
use.
Simple to
use.
·
No
serious side effects.
No
serious side effects.
·
Does not
require partner involvement.
Does not
require partner involvement.
·
Good for
persons who do not have sex on a regular basis.
Good for
persons who do not have sex on a regular basis.
·
May
decrease risks of some sexually transmitted diseases.
May
decrease risks of some sexually transmitted diseases.
·
Provides
contraceptive protection for up to 48 hours, no matter how many times lovemaking
occurs.
Provides
contraceptive protection for up to 48 hours, no matter how many times lovemaking
occurs.
·
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
·
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
What are the disadvantages of the cervical cap?
·
Consistent
and correct use is required to prevent pregnancy.
Consistent
and correct use is required to prevent pregnancy.
·
Persons
with allergies to latex or spermicides cannot use.
Persons
with allergies to latex or spermicides cannot use.
·
Remains
in vagina for at least 6 hours after intercourse.
Remains
in vagina for at least 6 hours after intercourse.
·
Possible
risk of Toxic Shock Syndrome, if worn longer than 48 hours.
Possible
risk of Toxic Shock Syndrome, if worn longer than 48 hours.
·
May
experience vaginal odor with prolonged use.
May
experience vaginal odor with prolonged use.
Side Effect of Cervical Cap
·
Spermicides
may irritate the vagina and
surrounding skin or cause an allergic
reaction.
Spermicides
may irritate the vagina and
surrounding skin or cause an allergic
reaction.
·
Strong
odors, vaginal discharge, or infection
may occur if the cervical cap is left in too long.
Strong
odors, vaginal discharge, or infection
may occur if the cervical cap is left in too long.
·
The
material in the cervical cap may cause an allergic reaction.
The
material in the cervical cap may cause an allergic reaction.
3. Condom (Male)
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 86 – 97%
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 86 – 97%
What is a male condom?
·
Made out
of latex (rubber), but polyurethane and tactylon (both plastic) are available.
Made out
of latex (rubber), but polyurethane and tactylon (both plastic) are available.
·
Over the
counter barrier method of birth control.
Over the
counter barrier method of birth control.
Advantages of the male condom:
·
Easy to
get and relatively inexpensive.
Easy to
get and relatively inexpensive.
·
Can be
discontinued at any time.
Can be
discontinued at any time.
·
Provides
some protection from sexually transmitted diseases and HIV.
Provides
some protection from sexually transmitted diseases and HIV.
·
Reliable
method for people who cannot use hormonal birth control methods.
Reliable
method for people who cannot use hormonal birth control methods.
·
Responsibility
of both partners.
Responsibility
of both partners.
·
Can be
purchased without a prescription.
Can be
purchased without a prescription.
·
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Disadvantages of the male condom; you may
experience the following:
experience the following:
·
Non-cooperative
partner.
Non-cooperative
partner.
·
Some
irritation or sensitivity to latex.
Some
irritation or sensitivity to latex.
·
Difficulty
using condoms correctly.
Difficulty
using condoms correctly.
·
Must use
a new condom with every sex act.
Must use
a new condom with every sex act.
·
Some men
say it reduces sexual feelings.
Some men
say it reduces sexual feelings.
·
Must be
rolled onto an erect penis before sexual intercourse, can interrupt foreplay.
Must be
rolled onto an erect penis before sexual intercourse, can interrupt foreplay.
·
Spillage
or leaking of sperm is possible if condom is put on or removed incorrectly.
Spillage
or leaking of sperm is possible if condom is put on or removed incorrectly.
Side Effect of Male Condom
·
No
medical side effects
No
medical side effects
4. Depo-Provera (“The
Shot”)
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): More than 99%
Shot”)
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): More than 99%
What is Depo-Provera?
·
It is an
injection given every 3 months.
It is an
injection given every 3 months.
·
It
contains synthetic progesterone.
It
contains synthetic progesterone.
·
It stops
ovulation, and/or thickens the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing
through.
It stops
ovulation, and/or thickens the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing
through.
·
It is a
reversible method of birth control given only by prescription.
It is a
reversible method of birth control given only by prescription.
Advantages of Depo-Provera:
·
Does not
interfere with sex.
Does not
interfere with sex.
·
Only need
to get a shot 4 times a year.
Only need
to get a shot 4 times a year.
·
May stop
menses or make them very light.
May stop
menses or make them very light.
·
Excellent
alternative for women 35 and older who smoke.
Excellent
alternative for women 35 and older who smoke.
·
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Disadvantages of Depo-Provera:
·
Irregular
or unpredictable bleeding or spotting.
Irregular
or unpredictable bleeding or spotting.
·
Possible
hair loss.
Possible
hair loss.
·
Weight
gain, especially right after pregnancy.
Weight
gain, especially right after pregnancy.
·
It may
delay your chances of getting pregnant after the shots are stopped. It can take
between six and eighteen months for menstruation and ovulation to return
consistently. This does not mean that you are protected from pregnancy during
this time. Use alternate protection, such as condoms.
It may
delay your chances of getting pregnant after the shots are stopped. It can take
between six and eighteen months for menstruation and ovulation to return
consistently. This does not mean that you are protected from pregnancy during
this time. Use alternate protection, such as condoms.
·
Does not
protect against sexually transmitted diseases
Does not
protect against sexually transmitted diseases
·
You must
go to the clinic or doctor’s office 4 times a year.
You must
go to the clinic or doctor’s office 4 times a year.
Side Effects of Depo-Provera
(“The Shot”)
(“The Shot”)
·
Irregular
and heavy bleeding
Irregular
and heavy bleeding
5. Diaphragm
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 80-94% (during first year of
use and whether or not you have delivered a child)
What is a diaphragm?
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 80-94% (during first year of
use and whether or not you have delivered a child)
What is a diaphragm?
·
Barrier
type birth control method prescribed by your family planning clinician.
Barrier
type birth control method prescribed by your family planning clinician.
·
A dome
shaped rubber cup with flexible rim that covers the cervix and is inserted into
the vagina before intercourse.
A dome
shaped rubber cup with flexible rim that covers the cervix and is inserted into
the vagina before intercourse.
·
Used in
combination with spermicidal jelly or cream.
Used in
combination with spermicidal jelly or cream.
Advantages of the diaphragm:
·
Simple to
use.
Simple to
use.
·
No
serious systemic side effects.
No
serious systemic side effects.
·
Does not
require partner involvement.
Does not
require partner involvement.
·
Good for
persons who do not have sex on a regular basis.
Good for
persons who do not have sex on a regular basis.
·
Decreases
risk of some sexually transmitted diseases.
Decreases
risk of some sexually transmitted diseases.
·
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
·
Decreases
risk of cervical cancer.
Decreases
risk of cervical cancer.
·
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Disadvantages of the diaphragm:
·
Consistent
and correct use is required to prevent pregnancy.
Consistent
and correct use is required to prevent pregnancy.
·
Persons
with allergies to latex or spermicides cannot use.
Persons
with allergies to latex or spermicides cannot use.
·
Increased
risks for developing urinary tract infections (UTI’s).
Increased
risks for developing urinary tract infections (UTI’s).
·
Remains
in vagina for at least 6 hours after intercourse.
Remains
in vagina for at least 6 hours after intercourse.
·
Repeated
sexual intercourse requires additional spermicide.
Repeated
sexual intercourse requires additional spermicide.
·
Must
remove within 24 hours to avoid risk of toxic shock syndrome (TSS).
Must
remove within 24 hours to avoid risk of toxic shock syndrome (TSS).
·
Must
replace diaphragm every two years.
Must
replace diaphragm every two years.
Side Effects of Diaphragm:
·
Strong
odors or vaginal discharge may appear if the diaphragm is left in too long.
Strong
odors or vaginal discharge may appear if the diaphragm is left in too long.
·
The
rubber or latex in the diaphragm may cause an allergic reaction (this is rare)
The
rubber or latex in the diaphragm may cause an allergic reaction (this is rare)
6. ECP or Emergency Contraceptive
Pills
Effectiveness (chance of NOT getting pregnant): 74 % – 89%
Pills
Effectiveness (chance of NOT getting pregnant): 74 % – 89%
What is the ECP or Emergency
Contraceptive Pills?
·
An
emergency contraceptive method used after sexual intercourse to prevent
pregnancy.
An
emergency contraceptive method used after sexual intercourse to prevent
pregnancy.
·
Is most
effective when used within 12 hours of unprotected intercourse or contraceptive
accident.
Is most
effective when used within 12 hours of unprotected intercourse or contraceptive
accident.
·
ECP can
be used up to 72 hours or three days after unprotected sex.
ECP can
be used up to 72 hours or three days after unprotected sex.
·
ECP only
works if a woman is not already pregnant.
ECP only
works if a woman is not already pregnant.
·
Interferes
with egg development.
Interferes
with egg development.
·
Prevents
or delays ovulation.
Prevents
or delays ovulation.
·
Inhibits
fertilization.
Inhibits
fertilization.
Advantages of ECP or Emergency Contraceptive Pills:
·
Only
method of contraception used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex.
Only
method of contraception used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex.
·
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy after male condom slipped, broke, or leaked.
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy after male condom slipped, broke, or leaked.
·
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy after a woman’s diaphragm or cervical cap was
inserted incorrectly, removed too early, or found to be torn.
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy after a woman’s diaphragm or cervical cap was
inserted incorrectly, removed too early, or found to be torn.
·
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy after a woman has missed one or more of oral
contraceptives.
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy after a woman has missed one or more of oral
contraceptives.
·
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy when a female condom was inserted or removed
incorrectly.
Only
method used to prevent pregnancy when a female condom was inserted or removed
incorrectly.
·
Method
may be obtained ahead of time from a family planning clinician to be used when
needed.
Method
may be obtained ahead of time from a family planning clinician to be used when
needed.
Disadvantages of ECP or Emergency Contraceptive Pills:
·
Does not
work if already pregnant.
Does not
work if already pregnant.
·
Limited
time frame (ECP must be used within 72 hours or three days after unprotected
sex). Is not an ongoing method of contraception.
Limited
time frame (ECP must be used within 72 hours or three days after unprotected
sex). Is not an ongoing method of contraception.
·
Nausea
occurs in 23% to 50 % of women who use this method (medications to prevent nausea
are available).
Nausea
occurs in 23% to 50 % of women who use this method (medications to prevent nausea
are available).
·
Vomiting
occurs in 5 to 25% of women who use this method (medications to prevent
vomiting are available).
Vomiting
occurs in 5 to 25% of women who use this method (medications to prevent
vomiting are available).
·
Ectopic
(tubal) pregnancy may be a possible result.
Ectopic
(tubal) pregnancy may be a possible result.
·
ECP
changes the amount, duration, and timing of the next menstrual period in about
10 to 15% of women treated.
ECP
changes the amount, duration, and timing of the next menstrual period in about
10 to 15% of women treated.
·
There is
still a chance of pregnancy. If menstrual cycle does not start in 7 days,
consider pregnancy and contact your family planning clinician.
There is
still a chance of pregnancy. If menstrual cycle does not start in 7 days,
consider pregnancy and contact your family planning clinician.
·
Does not
provide protection from sexually transmitted diseases.
Does not
provide protection from sexually transmitted diseases.
Side Effects of Emergency Contraceptive Pills
·
nausea
and/or vomiting.
nausea
and/or vomiting.
·
headache.
headache.
·
feeling
tired.
feeling
tired.
·
fatigue.
fatigue.
·
feeling
dizzy.
feeling
dizzy.
·
lower
abdominal pain.
lower
abdominal pain.
·
vaginal
bleeding.
vaginal
bleeding.
·
breast
tenderness.
breast
tenderness.
7. Female Condom
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 79% – 95%
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 79% – 95%
What is the female condom?
·
Over the
counter barrier method of birth control.
Over the
counter barrier method of birth control.
·
It is
polyurethane (plastic) sheath with an inner ring that fits inside the vagina,
around the cervix (like the diaphragm) and an outer ring that covers the
outside labia.
It is
polyurethane (plastic) sheath with an inner ring that fits inside the vagina,
around the cervix (like the diaphragm) and an outer ring that covers the
outside labia.
·
After the
man ejaculates, you must twist the end closed and gently pull from the vagina.
After the
man ejaculates, you must twist the end closed and gently pull from the vagina.
Advantages of the female condoms:
·
Can be
inserted into the vagina up to eight hours before sexual intercourse.
Can be
inserted into the vagina up to eight hours before sexual intercourse.
·
Can be
used with spermicides to increase STD protection.
Can be
used with spermicides to increase STD protection.
·
Provides
protection against some sexually transmitted diseases and HIV.
Provides
protection against some sexually transmitted diseases and HIV.
·
Can be
used by people allergic to latex or spermicides or by those who can’t take hormones.
Can be
used by people allergic to latex or spermicides or by those who can’t take hormones.
·
Made from
polyurethane plastic, which conducts body heat.
Made from
polyurethane plastic, which conducts body heat.
·
Erection
unnecessary to keep female condom in place.
Erection
unnecessary to keep female condom in place.
·
Some
women and men have an increased sensitivity or “natural” feel
compared to male condoms.
Some
women and men have an increased sensitivity or “natural” feel
compared to male condoms.
·
Can be
purchased without a prescription.
Can be
purchased without a prescription.
·
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Disadvantages of the female condoms:
You may
experience the following:
experience the following:
·
Difficulty
inserting and/or keeping in place.
Difficulty
inserting and/or keeping in place.
·
Cannot be
combined with male condoms as they pull each other off.
Cannot be
combined with male condoms as they pull each other off.
·
May be
noisy (add more lubricant if this is a problem).
May be
noisy (add more lubricant if this is a problem).
·
May
irritate vagina or penis.
May
irritate vagina or penis.
·
More
expensive than male latex condoms.
More
expensive than male latex condoms.
·
Must be
used every time you have sex.
Must be
used every time you have sex.
·
After the
man ejaculates, you must twist the end close and gently pull from the vagina.
After the
man ejaculates, you must twist the end close and gently pull from the vagina.
Side Effects of Female Condom
·
No
medical side effect
No
medical side effect
8. Female Sterilization
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): More than 99%
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): More than 99%
What is female sterilization?
A surgical intervention that mechanically blocks the fallopian tube to prevent
the sperm and egg from uniting.
Advantages of female sterilization:
·
Very
reliable and effective method of contraception.
Very
reliable and effective method of contraception.
·
Permanent
method.
Permanent
method.
·
No long term
side effects.
No long term
side effects.
·
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
·
Does not
require partner involvement.
Does not
require partner involvement.
·
Nothing
to remember or buy.
Nothing
to remember or buy.
·
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Disadvantages of female sterilization:
·
Permanent
method.
Permanent
method.
·
Difficult
and expensive to reverse surgical procedure.
Difficult
and expensive to reverse surgical procedure.
·
Requires
skilled surgeon to perform procedure.
Requires
skilled surgeon to perform procedure.
·
Expensive
procedure.
Expensive
procedure.
·
Possible
ectopic (tubal) pregnancy if method fails.
Possible
ectopic (tubal) pregnancy if method fails.
·
No
protection against sexually transmitted diseases.
No
protection against sexually transmitted diseases.
Side Effect of Female
Sterilization
Sterilization
·
cramping, pain, and bleeding
cramping, pain, and bleeding
9. Intrauterine Device
(“IUD”)
Effectiveness
(chances of NOT getting pregnant): 98% – 99%
(“IUD”)
Effectiveness
(chances of NOT getting pregnant): 98% – 99%
What is an IUD?
·
Small
plastic device which is placed in the uterus by a clinician.
Small
plastic device which is placed in the uterus by a clinician.
·
Prevents
sperm from fertilizing egg.
Prevents
sperm from fertilizing egg.
·
Some
contain synthetic progesterone others have copper on them.
Some
contain synthetic progesterone others have copper on them.
·
It is a
reversible method of birth control given only by prescription.
It is a
reversible method of birth control given only by prescription.
Advantages of the IUD:
·
Easy to
use, low maintenance method.
Easy to
use, low maintenance method.
·
Easily
inserted and removed in a clinic or doctor’s office.
Easily
inserted and removed in a clinic or doctor’s office.
·
Has no
systemic side effects.
Has no
systemic side effects.
·
Depending
on the type they can be left in place 1, 5, or 10 years.
Depending
on the type they can be left in place 1, 5, or 10 years.
·
Reduces
the risk of tubal pregnancy.
Reduces
the risk of tubal pregnancy.
·
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast-feeding.
Disadvantages of the IUD:
- Must be inserted and removed in a clinic or
doctor’s office.
·
Easily
inserted and removed in a clinic or doctor’s office.
Easily
inserted and removed in a clinic or doctor’s office.
·
May be
some cramping or pain at the time of insertion.
May be
some cramping or pain at the time of insertion.
·
May
experience increased bleeding or cramping during periods.
May
experience increased bleeding or cramping during periods.
·
May
experience spotting between periods.
May
experience spotting between periods.
·
Should
not be used by women with multiple sex partners because this increases exposure
to STD’s, which significantly increases the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease
(PID).
Should
not be used by women with multiple sex partners because this increases exposure
to STD’s, which significantly increases the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease
(PID).
Side Effect of Intrauterine
Device (“IUD”)
Device (“IUD”)
·
Can cause
side effects in some women; increased uterine bleeding and pain may cause early
removal.
Can cause
side effects in some women; increased uterine bleeding and pain may cause early
removal.
10. Norplant
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): More than 99%
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): More than 99%
What is Norplant?
·
Six
capsules containing synthetic hormones inserted under the skin of your upper
arm.
Six
capsules containing synthetic hormones inserted under the skin of your upper
arm.
·
Capsules
slowly release hormones into the bloodstream over a 5-year period.
Capsules
slowly release hormones into the bloodstream over a 5-year period.
·
These
hormones stop the ovaries from releasing an egg each month.
These
hormones stop the ovaries from releasing an egg each month.
·
Hormones
also thicken mucus in the cervix (opening to the uterus), stopping sperm from
entering it.
Hormones
also thicken mucus in the cervix (opening to the uterus), stopping sperm from
entering it.
·
Reversible
method of birth control.
Reversible
method of birth control.
Advantages of Norplant:
·
Long term
method can stay in for 5 years.
Long term
method can stay in for 5 years.
·
After 12
to 18 months of using this method, periods usually stop.
After 12
to 18 months of using this method, periods usually stop.
·
Can be
removed anytime, and the woman can become pregnant right away.
Can be
removed anytime, and the woman can become pregnant right away.
·
Does not
interfere with sex.
Does not
interfere with sex.
·
Reduces
risk of ovarian or endometrial cancer.
Reduces
risk of ovarian or endometrial cancer.
Disadvantages of Norplant:
·
You may
experience spotting between periods, light periods, longer periods, or no periods.
You may
experience spotting between periods, light periods, longer periods, or no periods.
·
You may
experience weight gain and hair loss.
You may
experience weight gain and hair loss.
·
It is
expensive anywhere between
It is
expensive anywhere between
·
It
requires minor surgery for insertion and removal of the capsules (done in the
clinic or doctor’s office).
It
requires minor surgery for insertion and removal of the capsules (done in the
clinic or doctor’s office).
·
Effectiveness
is lowered by most anti-seizure medications.
Effectiveness
is lowered by most anti-seizure medications.
Side Effect of Norplant
Common side effects
of Norplant include headache, nervousness, anxiety, nausea, dizziness, rash, acne, change
in appetite, weight gain, hair loss, prolonged menstrual bleeding, and spotting.
of Norplant include headache, nervousness, anxiety, nausea, dizziness, rash, acne, change
in appetite, weight gain, hair loss, prolonged menstrual bleeding, and spotting.
11. NuvaRing (“The Ring”)
Effectiveness
Effectiveness
·
99%
chance of NOT getting pregnant
99%
chance of NOT getting pregnant
·
Less than
1 per 100 women may become pregnant with proper use.
Less than
1 per 100 women may become pregnant with proper use.
What is
the NuvaRing?
the NuvaRing?
·
The
NuvaRing is a comfortable, flexible contraceptive ring that is about two inches
in diameter and contains synthetic low dose hormones (progestin and estrogen);
these hormones are similar to those produced by a women’s body.
The
NuvaRing is a comfortable, flexible contraceptive ring that is about two inches
in diameter and contains synthetic low dose hormones (progestin and estrogen);
these hormones are similar to those produced by a women’s body.
·
The
NuvaRing is placed directly into the vagina; hormones are released from the
ring and are directly absorbed through the walls of the vagina then distributed
into the bloodstream.
The
NuvaRing is placed directly into the vagina; hormones are released from the
ring and are directly absorbed through the walls of the vagina then distributed
into the bloodstream.
·
Pregnancy
is prevented because the ring prevents the ovaries from producing mature eggs.
Pregnancy
is prevented because the ring prevents the ovaries from producing mature eggs.
·
The ring
is a reversible method of birth control available only by prescription.
The ring
is a reversible method of birth control available only by prescription.
Advantages
of NuvaRing
of NuvaRing
·
Does not
interfere with sex. Ability to remove the ring at leisure.
Does not
interfere with sex. Ability to remove the ring at leisure.
·
No need
to remember to put it on daily/weekly. Month long protection (3 weeks in, 1
week out)
No need
to remember to put it on daily/weekly. Month long protection (3 weeks in, 1
week out)
·
Exact
positioning of the NuvaRing is not critical; however the ring should be placed
high in the vault of the vagina.
Exact
positioning of the NuvaRing is not critical; however the ring should be placed
high in the vault of the vagina.
·
Muscles
within the vagina allow the ring to stay in place during sex and/or exercise.
Muscles
within the vagina allow the ring to stay in place during sex and/or exercise.
·
Reduces menstrual
flow and cramping.
Reduces menstrual
flow and cramping.
·
Decreases
acne outbreaks.
Decreases
acne outbreaks.
·
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
·
Ability
to become pregnant immediately after discontinued use, if seeking pregnancy.
Ability
to become pregnant immediately after discontinued use, if seeking pregnancy.
Disadvantages
of NuvaRing
of NuvaRing
·
Not a
good choice if patient is uncomfortable with touching herself.
Not a
good choice if patient is uncomfortable with touching herself.
·
Increased
risk of heart attack, stroke, or blood clots (in lungs, legs, or arms),
especially if you smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day, or are over 35 and
smoke.
Increased
risk of heart attack, stroke, or blood clots (in lungs, legs, or arms),
especially if you smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day, or are over 35 and
smoke.
·
Patient
may experience vagina discomfort and discharge.
Patient
may experience vagina discomfort and discharge.
·
If the
ring is kept out of the vagina longer than 3 hours on any day during the 21 day
period (3weeks) pregnancy can occur; therefore a back-up method (condoms) is
recommended for 7 days.
If the
ring is kept out of the vagina longer than 3 hours on any day during the 21 day
period (3weeks) pregnancy can occur; therefore a back-up method (condoms) is
recommended for 7 days.
·
Does not
prevent sexually transmitted diseases
Does not
prevent sexually transmitted diseases
Side Effects of NuvaRing
Vaginal discomfort/irritation, nausea, vomiting, headache,
bloating, breast tenderness,
swelling of the ankles/feet (fluid retention), or weight change may occur.
bloating, breast tenderness,
swelling of the ankles/feet (fluid retention), or weight change may occur.
11. Ortho Evra (“The
Patch”)
Effectiveness
Patch”)
Effectiveness
·
95% – 99%
chance of NOT getting pregnant
95% – 99%
chance of NOT getting pregnant
·
Between 1
and 5 per 100 women may become pregnant with proper use.
Between 1
and 5 per 100 women may become pregnant with proper use.
What is
the Patch?
the Patch?
·
The Patch
contains synthetic hormones (progesterone and estrogen); these hormones are
similar to those produced by a women’s body.
The Patch
contains synthetic hormones (progesterone and estrogen); these hormones are
similar to those produced by a women’s body.
·
The patch
is placed directly on the skin; these hormones are released from the patch directly
through the skin into the bloodstream.
The patch
is placed directly on the skin; these hormones are released from the patch directly
through the skin into the bloodstream.
·
Pregnancy
is prevented because the patch stops ovulation and/or thickens the cervical
mucus and stops sperm from passing through.
Pregnancy
is prevented because the patch stops ovulation and/or thickens the cervical
mucus and stops sperm from passing through.
·
The patch
is a reversible method of birth control available only by prescription.
The patch
is a reversible method of birth control available only by prescription.
·
The patch
is less effective in women weighting more than 198lbs.
The patch
is less effective in women weighting more than 198lbs.
Advantages
of the Patch
of the Patch
·
Does not
interfere with sex.
Does not
interfere with sex.
·
No need
to remember to put it on daily. Apply a new patch once a week.
No need
to remember to put it on daily. Apply a new patch once a week.
·
Reduces menstrual flow and cramping.
Reduces menstrual flow and cramping.
·
Decreases
acne outbreaks.
Decreases
acne outbreaks.
·
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
·
Ability
to become pregnant immediately after discontinued use, if seeking pregnancy.
Ability
to become pregnant immediately after discontinued use, if seeking pregnancy.
Disadvantages
of the Patch
of the Patch
·
May cause
slight skin irritation at the patch site.
May cause
slight skin irritation at the patch site.
·
Increased
risk of heart attack, stroke, or blood clots (in lungs, legs, or arms),
especially if you smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day, or are over 35 and
smoke.
Increased
risk of heart attack, stroke, or blood clots (in lungs, legs, or arms),
especially if you smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day, or are over 35 and
smoke.
·
Possible
mood swings or depression.
Possible
mood swings or depression.
·
Women are
encouraged not to use creams, lotions, or oils near the patch site these agents
may cause the patch to detach.
Women are
encouraged not to use creams, lotions, or oils near the patch site these agents
may cause the patch to detach.
·
Does not
prevent sexually transmitted diseases
Does not
prevent sexually transmitted diseases
Side Effect Ortho Evra
·
mild
nausea (especially when you first start taking this medicine), vomiting,
bloating, stomach cramps;
mild
nausea (especially when you first start taking this medicine), vomiting,
bloating, stomach cramps;
·
breast
tenderness or swelling, nipple discharge;
breast
tenderness or swelling, nipple discharge;
·
freckles
or darkening of facial skin, increased hair growth, loss of scalp hair;
freckles
or darkening of facial skin, increased hair growth, loss of scalp hair;
·
changes
in weight or appetite
changes
in weight or appetite
12. Oral Contraceptives (“The Pill”)
Effectiveness
Effectiveness
·
95% – 99%
chance of NOT getting pregnant.
95% – 99%
chance of NOT getting pregnant.
·
Between
1-5 per 100 women may become pregnant with proper use.
Between
1-5 per 100 women may become pregnant with proper use.
What is the Pill?
·
Synthetic
hormones (progesterone and/or estrogen) like those produced by the body to
regulate the menstrual cycle.
Synthetic
hormones (progesterone and/or estrogen) like those produced by the body to
regulate the menstrual cycle.
·
Pregnancy
is prevented because the pill stops ovulation and/or thickens the cervical
mucus by stopping sperm from passing through.
Pregnancy
is prevented because the pill stops ovulation and/or thickens the cervical
mucus by stopping sperm from passing through.
·
Reversible
method of birth control given only by prescription.
Reversible
method of birth control given only by prescription.
Advantages of the Pill:
·
Doesn’t
interfere with sex.
Doesn’t
interfere with sex.
·
Regulates
the menstrual cycle.
Regulates
the menstrual cycle.
·
Reduces
menstrual flow and cramping.
Reduces
menstrual flow and cramping.
·
Decreases
acne outbreaks.
Decreases
acne outbreaks.
·
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Reduces
the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
·
Most
popular method used.
Most
popular method used.
Disadvantages of the Pill:
·
Must be
taken every day at the same time each day.
Must be
taken every day at the same time each day.
·
Increased
risk of heart attack, stroke, or blood clots (in lungs, legs, or arms),
especially if you smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day, or are over 35 and
smoke.
Increased
risk of heart attack, stroke, or blood clots (in lungs, legs, or arms),
especially if you smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day, or are over 35 and
smoke.
·
Possible
mood swings or depression.
Possible
mood swings or depression.
·
May
decrease sexual desire.
May
decrease sexual desire.
·
Can not
be used if you are 35 or older and smoke.
Can not
be used if you are 35 or older and smoke.
·
Does not
prevent sexually transmitted diseases
Does not
prevent sexually transmitted diseases
Side Effects of Oral
Contraceptives
Contraceptives
This medication may cause dizziness, headache, lightheadedness, stomach upset, bloating, or nausea. If these effects
persist or worsen, it may lead to severe depression, groin
or calf pain, sudden severe headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, lumps in
the breast,
weakness or tingling in the arms or legs, yellowing of the eyes or skin.
persist or worsen, it may lead to severe depression, groin
or calf pain, sudden severe headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, lumps in
the breast,
weakness or tingling in the arms or legs, yellowing of the eyes or skin.
13. Vaginal Spermicides
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 50-95% (among typical users in
the first year of use)
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 50-95% (among typical users in
the first year of use)
What are vaginal spermicides?
·
A
chemical birth control method that kills sperm and prevents pregnancy.
A
chemical birth control method that kills sperm and prevents pregnancy.
·
Comes in
the form of gel, foam, cream, film, suppository, or tablet.
Comes in
the form of gel, foam, cream, film, suppository, or tablet.
Advantages of vaginal spermicides:
·
A relatively
safe contraceptive method when combined with the use of a barrier method
(condom, diaphragm, cervical cap).
A relatively
safe contraceptive method when combined with the use of a barrier method
(condom, diaphragm, cervical cap).
·
May lower
the chance of becoming infected with a bacterial sexually transmitted disease.
May lower
the chance of becoming infected with a bacterial sexually transmitted disease.
·
Can be
purchased without prescription.
Can be
purchased without prescription.
·
Depending
on the amount purchased is relatively inexpensive.
Depending
on the amount purchased is relatively inexpensive.
·
Immediate
protection is available.
Immediate
protection is available.
·
Good
method for persons who have sexual intercourse infrequently or not very often.
Good
method for persons who have sexual intercourse infrequently or not very often.
·
Simple
back up method for women waiting to start the pill or have an IUD inserted, or
for forgetting to take pill or running out of pills.
Simple
back up method for women waiting to start the pill or have an IUD inserted, or
for forgetting to take pill or running out of pills.
·
Provides
lubrication during intercourse especially with condom use.
Provides
lubrication during intercourse especially with condom use.
·
Male
partner does not need to be involved in decision to use product.
Male
partner does not need to be involved in decision to use product.
·
Does not
interfere with breast feeding.
Does not
interfere with breast feeding.
Disadvantages of vaginal spermicides:
·
Allergic
reactions or hypersensitivity to ingredients may occur.
Allergic
reactions or hypersensitivity to ingredients may occur.
·
Some
persons may have difficulty inserting properly.
Some
persons may have difficulty inserting properly.
·
Abnormal
vaginal anatomy (e.g. prolapsed uterus) may interfere with proper insertion.
Abnormal
vaginal anatomy (e.g. prolapsed uterus) may interfere with proper insertion.
·
Poor
protection from HIV exposure.
Poor
protection from HIV exposure.
Side Effect of Spermicides
This can cause genital
irritation, rash, or itchiness.
irritation, rash, or itchiness.
14. Vasectomy (Male Sterilization)
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 99% or more
Effectiveness (chances of NOT getting pregnant): 99% or more
What is a Vasectomy?
A surgical procedure that prevents pregnancy by blocking the passage of sperm
into the ejaculated seminal fluid (cum).
Advantages of Vasectomy:
·
Permanent
method of contraceptive.
Permanent
method of contraceptive.
·
Highly
effective method.
Highly
effective method.
·
Very safe
surgical procedure.
Very safe
surgical procedure.
·
Removes
the responsibility of contraception from the woman.
Removes
the responsibility of contraception from the woman.
·
No
significant long term side effects.
No
significant long term side effects.
·
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
Does not
interrupt lovemaking.
·
Highly
acceptable method.
Highly
acceptable method.
·
A no
scalpel Vasectomy is also available.
A no
scalpel Vasectomy is also available.
Disadvantages of Vasectomy:
·
Protection
for the male only (females are at risk for pregnancy).
Protection
for the male only (females are at risk for pregnancy).
·
Usually
irreversible.
Usually
irreversible.
·
Requires
skilled medical personnel.
Requires
skilled medical personnel.
·
Lack of
protection from sexually transmitted diseases and infections, including HIV.
Lack of
protection from sexually transmitted diseases and infections, including HIV.
·
Initial
cost may be expensive, some times considered an elective procedure, and requires
self-pay. However, the long term cost benefits are great.
Initial
cost may be expensive, some times considered an elective procedure, and requires
self-pay. However, the long term cost benefits are great.
·
Although
unproven, serious long-term effects are possible.
Although
unproven, serious long-term effects are possible.
Side Effect of Vasectomy (Male
Sterilization)
Sterilization)
·
swelling
swelling
·
bruising
bruising
·
bleeding
inside the scrotum
bleeding
inside the scrotum
·
blood in
the semen
blood in
the semen
·
infection
infection
15. Withdrawal (Coitus Interruptus)
Effectiveness (chance of NOT getting pregnant): 81% – 96%
Effectiveness (chance of NOT getting pregnant): 81% – 96%
What is Withdrawal?
·
A
contraceptive method that prevents fertilization by preventing the contact
between the sperm and egg.
A
contraceptive method that prevents fertilization by preventing the contact
between the sperm and egg.
·
Couple
engages in penile-vaginal intercourse until ejaculation is about to occur.
Couple
engages in penile-vaginal intercourse until ejaculation is about to occur.
·
The male
partner withdraws his penis from the vagina and away from the external genitalia
of the female partner.
The male
partner withdraws his penis from the vagina and away from the external genitalia
of the female partner.
Advantages of Withdrawal:
·
Costs
nothing.
Costs
nothing.
·
Requires
no devices.
Requires
no devices.
·
Involves
no chemicals.
Involves
no chemicals.
·
Available
in any situation.
Available
in any situation.
Disadvantages of Withdrawal:
·
Chances
of getting pregnant with this method are much higher than with any other method.
Chances
of getting pregnant with this method are much higher than with any other method.
·
Some men
have difficulty telling when they will ejaculate.
Some men
have difficulty telling when they will ejaculate.
·
Some men
may not withdraw in sufficient time.
Some men
may not withdraw in sufficient time.
·
Interruption
of the excitement or plateau phase of the sexual response cycle may decrease
pleasurable experience.
Interruption
of the excitement or plateau phase of the sexual response cycle may decrease
pleasurable experience.
·
High risk
of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and infections.
High risk
of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and infections.
Side Effect of Withdrawal
(Coitus Interruptus)
(Coitus Interruptus)
·
No medical size effects.
No medical size effects.
What are the benefits of
using family planning?
using family planning?
Family
planning provides many benefits to mother, children, father, and the family.
planning provides many benefits to mother, children, father, and the family.
Mother
·
Enables
her to regain her health after delivery
Enables
her to regain her health after delivery
·
Gives
enough time and opportunity to love and provide attention to her husband and
children
Gives
enough time and opportunity to love and provide attention to her husband and
children
·
Gives
more time for her family and own personal advancement
Gives
more time for her family and own personal advancement
·
When
suffering from an illness, gives enough time for treatment and recovery
When
suffering from an illness, gives enough time for treatment and recovery
The Child
·
Healthy
mothers produce healthy children
Healthy
mothers produce healthy children
·
Will get
all the attention, security, love, and care they deserve
Will get
all the attention, security, love, and care they deserve
Father
·
Lightens
the burden and responsibility in supporting his family
Lightens
the burden and responsibility in supporting his family
·
Enables
him to give his children their basic needs (food, shelter, education, and
better future)
Enables
him to give his children their basic needs (food, shelter, education, and
better future)
·
Gives him
time for his family and own personal advancement
Gives him
time for his family and own personal advancement
·
When
suffering from an illness, gives enough time for treatment and recovery
When
suffering from an illness, gives enough time for treatment and recovery