1. Doctors Without Borders
2. Carnegie Foundation
3. Catholic Relief Agency (CARITAS)
4. Africare
5. UNFPA
·
Classify
into government and non-governmental organisation.
Classify
into government and non-governmental organisation.
·
Classify
the non-governmental organisation into private and voluntary agencies
Classify
the non-governmental organisation into private and voluntary agencies
·
Describe
the mode of Operation
Describe
the mode of Operation
Doctors
without borders
without borders
Doctors Without Borders, is a French-founded (now
international and federal) humanitarian-aid
non-governmental organization and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, best known for
its projects in war-torn regions and developing countries facing endemic diseases. Its headquarters is
located in Geneva, Switzerland. The
organization is known in most of the world by its localized name or simply as MSF (Médecins Sans Frontières) the name Doctors Without Borders is commonly used.
international and federal) humanitarian-aid
non-governmental organization and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, best known for
its projects in war-torn regions and developing countries facing endemic diseases. Its headquarters is
located in Geneva, Switzerland. The
organization is known in most of the world by its localized name or simply as MSF (Médecins Sans Frontières) the name Doctors Without Borders is commonly used.
These doctors
and nurses decided to volunteer their time to solve issues of world health. The
organization is funded by private donors provide about 80% of the
organization’s funding, while governmental and corporate donations provide the
rest.
and nurses decided to volunteer their time to solve issues of world health. The
organization is funded by private donors provide about 80% of the
organization’s funding, while governmental and corporate donations provide the
rest.
Médecins Sans
Frontières was created in 1971, in the aftermath of the Biafra secession, by a small group of
French doctors and journalists who believed that all people have the right to medical care regardless of race, religion, creed or
political affiliation, and that the needs of these people outweigh respect for
national borders.
Frontières was created in 1971, in the aftermath of the Biafra secession, by a small group of
French doctors and journalists who believed that all people have the right to medical care regardless of race, religion, creed or
political affiliation, and that the needs of these people outweigh respect for
national borders.
The
organization actively provides health care and medical training to populations
in about 70 countries and frequently insists on political responsibility in
conflict zones such as Chechnya and Kosovo.
Only once in its history, during the 1994 genocide
in Rwanda, has the organization called for military intervention. In order to be
able to speak and act freely, MSF remains independent of any political,
religious or economic powers.
organization actively provides health care and medical training to populations
in about 70 countries and frequently insists on political responsibility in
conflict zones such as Chechnya and Kosovo.
Only once in its history, during the 1994 genocide
in Rwanda, has the organization called for military intervention. In order to be
able to speak and act freely, MSF remains independent of any political,
religious or economic powers.
MSF has general
consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It received
the 1999 Nobel Peace
Prize in recognition of its members’ continued efforts to provide medical
care in acute crises, as well as raising international awareness of potential
humanitarian disasters.
consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It received
the 1999 Nobel Peace
Prize in recognition of its members’ continued efforts to provide medical
care in acute crises, as well as raising international awareness of potential
humanitarian disasters.
Before a field
mission is established in a country, an MSF team visits the area to determine
the nature of the humanitarian emergency, the level of safety in the area and
what type of aid is needed. Medical aid is the main objective of most missions,
although some missions help in such areas as water purification and nutrition.
mission is established in a country, an MSF team visits the area to determine
the nature of the humanitarian emergency, the level of safety in the area and
what type of aid is needed. Medical aid is the main objective of most missions,
although some missions help in such areas as water purification and nutrition.
A field mission
team usually consists of a small number of coordinators to head each component
of a field mission, and a “head of mission.” The head of mission
usually has the most experience in humanitarian situations of the members of
the team, and it is his/her job to deal with the media, national governments
and other humanitarian organisations.
team usually consists of a small number of coordinators to head each component
of a field mission, and a “head of mission.” The head of mission
usually has the most experience in humanitarian situations of the members of
the team, and it is his/her job to deal with the media, national governments
and other humanitarian organisations.
Medical
volunteers include physicians, surgeons, nurses, and various other specialists.
In addition to operating the medical and nutrition components of the field
mission, these volunteers are sometimes in charge of a group of local medical
staff and provide training for them.
volunteers include physicians, surgeons, nurses, and various other specialists.
In addition to operating the medical and nutrition components of the field
mission, these volunteers are sometimes in charge of a group of local medical
staff and provide training for them.
Although the
medical volunteers almost always receive the most media attention when the
world becomes aware of an MSF field mission, there are a number of non-medical
volunteers who help keep the field mission functioning. Logisticians are often
the most important members of a team. They are responsible for providing
everything that the medical component of a mission needs, ranging from security
and vehicle maintenance to food and electricity supplies. They may be engineers
and/or foremen, but they usually also help with setting up treatment centres
and supervising local staff. Other non-medical staff are water/sanitation
specialists, who are usually experienced engineers in the fields of water
treatment and management and financial/administration experts who are placed
with field missions.
medical volunteers almost always receive the most media attention when the
world becomes aware of an MSF field mission, there are a number of non-medical
volunteers who help keep the field mission functioning. Logisticians are often
the most important members of a team. They are responsible for providing
everything that the medical component of a mission needs, ranging from security
and vehicle maintenance to food and electricity supplies. They may be engineers
and/or foremen, but they usually also help with setting up treatment centres
and supervising local staff. Other non-medical staff are water/sanitation
specialists, who are usually experienced engineers in the fields of water
treatment and management and financial/administration experts who are placed
with field missions.
Historical background of Doctors Without Borders
Doctors Without Borders was formed in 1970 by
French doctors who had worked in Biafra, to provide aid and to emphasize the
importance of victims’ rights over neutrality. At the same time, Raymond Borel, the editor of the French medical journal TONUS, had started a group called Secours
Médical Français (“French Medical Relief”) in response to the 1970 Bhola
cyclone, which killed at
least 625,000 in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Borel had intended to
recruit doctors to provide aid to victims of natural disasters. On 20 December
1971, the two groups of colleagues merged to form Médecins Sans Frontières.
French doctors who had worked in Biafra, to provide aid and to emphasize the
importance of victims’ rights over neutrality. At the same time, Raymond Borel, the editor of the French medical journal TONUS, had started a group called Secours
Médical Français (“French Medical Relief”) in response to the 1970 Bhola
cyclone, which killed at
least 625,000 in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Borel had intended to
recruit doctors to provide aid to victims of natural disasters. On 20 December
1971, the two groups of colleagues merged to form Médecins Sans Frontières.
MSF’s first mission was to the Nicaraguan
capital, Managua, where a 1972
earthquake had destroyed
most of the city and killed between 10,000 and 30,000 people. The organization,
today known for its quick response in an emergency, arrived three days after
the Red Cross had set up a relief mission. Between 1975 and 1979, after South Vietnam had fallen to North Vietnam, millions of Cambodians emigrated to
Thailand to avoid the Khmer Rouge. In response MSF set up its first refugee camp missions in Thailand. When Vietnam withdrew from
Cambodia in 1989, MSF started long-term relief missions to help survivors of the mass
killings and reconstruct
the country’s health care system. Although its missions to Thailand to help
victims of war in Southeast Asia could arguably be seen as its first war-time
mission, MSF saw its first mission to a true war zone, including exposure to
hostile fire, in 1976. MSF spent nine years (1976–1984) assisting surgeries in
the hospitals of various cities in Lebanon, during the Lebanese Civil
War, and established
a reputation for its neutrality and willingness to work under fire. Throughout
the war, MSF helped both Christian and Muslim soldiers alike, helping whichever group required the
most medical aid at the time. In 1984, as the situation in Lebanon deteriorated
further and security for aid groups was minimized, MSF withdrew its volunteers.
capital, Managua, where a 1972
earthquake had destroyed
most of the city and killed between 10,000 and 30,000 people. The organization,
today known for its quick response in an emergency, arrived three days after
the Red Cross had set up a relief mission. Between 1975 and 1979, after South Vietnam had fallen to North Vietnam, millions of Cambodians emigrated to
Thailand to avoid the Khmer Rouge. In response MSF set up its first refugee camp missions in Thailand. When Vietnam withdrew from
Cambodia in 1989, MSF started long-term relief missions to help survivors of the mass
killings and reconstruct
the country’s health care system. Although its missions to Thailand to help
victims of war in Southeast Asia could arguably be seen as its first war-time
mission, MSF saw its first mission to a true war zone, including exposure to
hostile fire, in 1976. MSF spent nine years (1976–1984) assisting surgeries in
the hospitals of various cities in Lebanon, during the Lebanese Civil
War, and established
a reputation for its neutrality and willingness to work under fire. Throughout
the war, MSF helped both Christian and Muslim soldiers alike, helping whichever group required the
most medical aid at the time. In 1984, as the situation in Lebanon deteriorated
further and security for aid groups was minimized, MSF withdrew its volunteers.
Classification
into government and non-governmental organisation: Doctors Without Borders is a Non-governmental
organization.
into government and non-governmental organisation: Doctors Without Borders is a Non-governmental
organization.
Classification of non-governmental
into private and voluntary agency: Doctors Without
Borders is a voluntary agency
into private and voluntary agency: Doctors Without
Borders is a voluntary agency
Mode of operation of Doctors Without
Boarders
Boarders
These doctors and nurses volunteer their time
to solve issues of world health. The organization is funded by private donors
provide about 80% of the organization’s funding, while governmental and
corporate donations provide the rest.
to solve issues of world health. The organization is funded by private donors
provide about 80% of the organization’s funding, while governmental and
corporate donations provide the rest.
Carnegie foundation
The Carnegie Foundation is a U.S-based
education policy and research centre. It was founded by Andrew
Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of the United States Congress. It has its
headquarters in California, USA. The foundation is funded by grants and donation
from the Carnegie Family, individuals and corporations. Among its most notable
accomplishments are the development of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity
Association (TIAA), the Flexner
Report on medical education, the Carnegie Unit, the Educational Testing Service, and the Carnegie
Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.
education policy and research centre. It was founded by Andrew
Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of the United States Congress. It has its
headquarters in California, USA. The foundation is funded by grants and donation
from the Carnegie Family, individuals and corporations. Among its most notable
accomplishments are the development of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity
Association (TIAA), the Flexner
Report on medical education, the Carnegie Unit, the Educational Testing Service, and the Carnegie
Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.
The foundation
international grantmaking focuses on reducing direct threats to international
peace and security while also investing in international development by
supporting institutions and individuals in sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia.
international grantmaking focuses on reducing direct threats to international
peace and security while also investing in international development by
supporting institutions and individuals in sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia.
The Carnegie
Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching has a long and distinguished
history. It is an independent policy and research center, whose primary
activities of research and writing have resulted in published reports on every
level of education. The Carnegie Foundation was also a leader in the effort to
provide federal aid for higher education, including Pell Grants, which assist
low- and middle-income students. The current work of the Foundation is focused
on using the tools and tenets of improvement science in Networked Improvement
Communities to accelerate how the field learns to improve.
Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching has a long and distinguished
history. It is an independent policy and research center, whose primary
activities of research and writing have resulted in published reports on every
level of education. The Carnegie Foundation was also a leader in the effort to
provide federal aid for higher education, including Pell Grants, which assist
low- and middle-income students. The current work of the Foundation is focused
on using the tools and tenets of improvement science in Networked Improvement
Communities to accelerate how the field learns to improve.
The Foundation
has an extension called the Carnegie Foundation Netherland situated in The
Hague in order to manage his donation of US$1.5 million, which was used for the
construction, management and maintenance of the Peace Palace. The Peace Palace
was built to house the Permanent Court of Arbitration and a library of
international law. The Foundation became the legal owner of the Peace Palace
because the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which is based there along with its
library, could not own the building under Dutch law.
has an extension called the Carnegie Foundation Netherland situated in The
Hague in order to manage his donation of US$1.5 million, which was used for the
construction, management and maintenance of the Peace Palace. The Peace Palace
was built to house the Permanent Court of Arbitration and a library of
international law. The Foundation became the legal owner of the Peace Palace
because the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which is based there along with its
library, could not own the building under Dutch law.
Historical background of Carnegie Foundation
Carnegie foundation was founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of
the United
States Congress under the
leadership of its first president, Henry Pritchett. The foundation credits Pritchett with
broadening their mission to include work in education policy and standards. John W. Gardner became president in 1955 while also serving
as president of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. He was followed by Alan Pifer whose most notable
accomplishment was the 1967 establishment of a task force with Clark Kerr at its helm.
the United
States Congress under the
leadership of its first president, Henry Pritchett. The foundation credits Pritchett with
broadening their mission to include work in education policy and standards. John W. Gardner became president in 1955 while also serving
as president of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. He was followed by Alan Pifer whose most notable
accomplishment was the 1967 establishment of a task force with Clark Kerr at its helm.
In 1979, the Carnegie Foundation separated
from the Carnegie Corporation and came into its
own with Ernest L. Boyer as president. Under his leadership, the
foundation moved to Princeton,
New Jersey, where it
remained until 1997 when then-president Lee Shulman relocated it to Stanford,
California.
from the Carnegie Corporation and came into its
own with Ernest L. Boyer as president. Under his leadership, the
foundation moved to Princeton,
New Jersey, where it
remained until 1997 when then-president Lee Shulman relocated it to Stanford,
California.
Classification into governmental and non-governmental organisation: Carnegie
Foundation is a non-governmental organisation
Foundation is a non-governmental organisation
Classification of non-governmental organisation into private and
voluntary agencies: Carnegie Foundation is a private non-governmental organisation.
voluntary agencies: Carnegie Foundation is a private non-governmental organisation.
Mode of operation of Carnegie Foundation
The foundation
international grantmaking focuses on reducing direct threats to international
peace and security while also investing in international development by
supporting institutions and individuals in sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia. The
foundation is funded by grants and donation from the Carnegie Family,
individuals and corporations.
international grantmaking focuses on reducing direct threats to international
peace and security while also investing in international development by
supporting institutions and individuals in sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia. The
foundation is funded by grants and donation from the Carnegie Family,
individuals and corporations.
Catholic Relief Agency (CARITAS)
Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas) is the
international humanitarian
agency of the Catholic community in the United States. Founded in
1943 by the United States
Council of Catholic Bishops, the agency provides assistance
to 130 million people in more than 90 countries and territories in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and Eastern
Europe. It is a worldwide network of Catholic humanitarian agencies, Caritas provides relief in emergency
situations and helps people in the developing world break the cycle of
poverty through community-based, sustainable development initiatives as well as
peacebuilding.
international humanitarian
agency of the Catholic community in the United States. Founded in
1943 by the United States
Council of Catholic Bishops, the agency provides assistance
to 130 million people in more than 90 countries and territories in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and Eastern
Europe. It is a worldwide network of Catholic humanitarian agencies, Caritas provides relief in emergency
situations and helps people in the developing world break the cycle of
poverty through community-based, sustainable development initiatives as well as
peacebuilding.
Assistance is
based solely on need, not race, creed or nationality. Catholic Relief Services
is headquartered in the Posner Building in Baltimore, Maryland in the United
States, while operating numerous field offices on five continents. Caritas has approximately 5,000
employees around the world. The agency is governed by a Board of Directors
consisting of 12 clergy (most of them bishops) and 7 lay people.
based solely on need, not race, creed or nationality. Catholic Relief Services
is headquartered in the Posner Building in Baltimore, Maryland in the United
States, while operating numerous field offices on five continents. Caritas has approximately 5,000
employees around the world. The agency is governed by a Board of Directors
consisting of 12 clergy (most of them bishops) and 7 lay people.
Initially
founded as the War Relief Services, the agency’s original purpose was to aid
the refugees of war-torn Europe. A confluence of events in the mid 1950s — the
end of colonial rule in many countries, the continuing support of the American
Catholic community and the availability of food and financial resources from
the U.S. Government — helped CRS expand operations. Its name was officially
changed to Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas)
in 1955.
founded as the War Relief Services, the agency’s original purpose was to aid
the refugees of war-torn Europe. A confluence of events in the mid 1950s — the
end of colonial rule in many countries, the continuing support of the American
Catholic community and the availability of food and financial resources from
the U.S. Government — helped CRS expand operations. Its name was officially
changed to Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas)
in 1955.
As the agency
grew, its programming focus widened, adapting to meet the needs of the
post-World War II Roman Catholic Church and the
circumstances of the people it encountered. In the 1970s and 1980s, programs
that began as simple distributions of food, clothing and medicines to the poor
evolved toward socio-economic development. By the late 1980s, health care,
nutrition education, micro enterprise and agriculture had become major focuses
of Caritas programming.
grew, its programming focus widened, adapting to meet the needs of the
post-World War II Roman Catholic Church and the
circumstances of the people it encountered. In the 1970s and 1980s, programs
that began as simple distributions of food, clothing and medicines to the poor
evolved toward socio-economic development. By the late 1980s, health care,
nutrition education, micro enterprise and agriculture had become major focuses
of Caritas programming.
In the mid-1990s,
Caritas went through a
significant institutional transformation. In 1993, Caritas officials embarked on a strategic planning effort to
clarify the mission and identity of the agency. Soon after, the 1994 massacre
in Rwanda – in which more than 800,000 people were killed – led Caritas staff to reevaluate how they
implemented their relief and development programs, particularly in places
experiencing or at high risk of ethnic conflict. After a period of
institutional reflection, Caritas
embraced a vision of global solidarity and incorporated a justice-centered
focus into all of its programming, using Catholic social teaching as a guide.
Caritas went through a
significant institutional transformation. In 1993, Caritas officials embarked on a strategic planning effort to
clarify the mission and identity of the agency. Soon after, the 1994 massacre
in Rwanda – in which more than 800,000 people were killed – led Caritas staff to reevaluate how they
implemented their relief and development programs, particularly in places
experiencing or at high risk of ethnic conflict. After a period of
institutional reflection, Caritas
embraced a vision of global solidarity and incorporated a justice-centered
focus into all of its programming, using Catholic social teaching as a guide.
All programming
is evaluated according to a set of social
justice criteria called the Justice Lens. In terms of programming, Caritas now evaluates not just whether
its interventions are effective and sustainable, but whether they might have a
negative impact on social or economic relationships in a community.
is evaluated according to a set of social
justice criteria called the Justice Lens. In terms of programming, Caritas now evaluates not just whether
its interventions are effective and sustainable, but whether they might have a
negative impact on social or economic relationships in a community.
Historical background
of Catholic Relief
Agency (Caritas)
of Catholic Relief
Agency (Caritas)
In July 1924, during the international Eucharistic
Congress in Amsterdam, 60 delegates from 22 countries formed a conference,
with headquarters at Caritas Switzerland in Lucerne. In 1928, the conference became known as
Caritas Catholica. The delegates met every two years until the outbreak of the Second World War when all activities came to a standstill.
Congress in Amsterdam, 60 delegates from 22 countries formed a conference,
with headquarters at Caritas Switzerland in Lucerne. In 1928, the conference became known as
Caritas Catholica. The delegates met every two years until the outbreak of the Second World War when all activities came to a standstill.
Work resumed in 1947, with the approval of
the Secretariat of State, and two conferences convened in Lucerne to help coordinate efforts and collaboration. Caritas
was given a further endorsement when the Secretariat of State entrusted it with
the official representation of all welfare organisations at the international
level, especially at the United Nations.
the Secretariat of State, and two conferences convened in Lucerne to help coordinate efforts and collaboration. Caritas
was given a further endorsement when the Secretariat of State entrusted it with
the official representation of all welfare organisations at the international
level, especially at the United Nations.
The Holy Year in 1950 saw the beginning of a union of Caritas
organisations. Following a suggestion by Msgr. Montini, then Substitute
Secretary of State, and later Pope Paul VI, a study week, with participants from 22 countries, was
held in Rome to examine the
problems of Christian Caritas work. As a result, the decision was made to set
up an international conference of Roman Catholic charities.
organisations. Following a suggestion by Msgr. Montini, then Substitute
Secretary of State, and later Pope Paul VI, a study week, with participants from 22 countries, was
held in Rome to examine the
problems of Christian Caritas work. As a result, the decision was made to set
up an international conference of Roman Catholic charities.
In December 1951, upon approval of the
statutes by the Holy See, the first constitutive General Assembly of Caritas
Internationalis took place. Founding members came from Caritas organisations in
13 countries: Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States. The Church describes Caritas as its
official voice “in relation to its teachings in the area of charity work”.
statutes by the Holy See, the first constitutive General Assembly of Caritas
Internationalis took place. Founding members came from Caritas organisations in
13 countries: Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States. The Church describes Caritas as its
official voice “in relation to its teachings in the area of charity work”.
In 1954, the Confederation changed its name
to Caritas Internationalis to reflect the international presence of Caritas
members on every continent. As of 2015, the Confederation has 164 members
working in over 200 countries and territories. Its General Secretariat is
located in the Palazzo San Calisto in Vatican City.
to Caritas Internationalis to reflect the international presence of Caritas
members on every continent. As of 2015, the Confederation has 164 members
working in over 200 countries and territories. Its General Secretariat is
located in the Palazzo San Calisto in Vatican City.
Activities of Caritas
Caritas programming includes promoting human development by responding to major
emergencies, fighting disease and poverty and nurturing peaceful and just
societies
emergencies, fighting disease and poverty and nurturing peaceful and just
societies
·
emergency relief in the wake of
disasters and civil conflict
emergency relief in the wake of
disasters and civil conflict
·
long-term development programming in the
areas of agriculture, water, community health, education, health, HIV/AIDS,
micro finance and peace building.
long-term development programming in the
areas of agriculture, water, community health, education, health, HIV/AIDS,
micro finance and peace building.
Caritas also work in partnership with local church agencies, other faith-based
partners, non-governmental organizations and local governments. Caritas emphasizes the empowerment of
partners and beneficiaries in programming decisions. Program examples include:
partners, non-governmental organizations and local governments. Caritas emphasizes the empowerment of
partners and beneficiaries in programming decisions. Program examples include:
·
Agriculture: Caritas immediate goal is to improve
family well-being through agro-economic development and environmental
stewardship. The long-term goal is to strengthen the capacity of local
communities to take control of their own development.
Agriculture: Caritas immediate goal is to improve
family well-being through agro-economic development and environmental
stewardship. The long-term goal is to strengthen the capacity of local
communities to take control of their own development.
·
Emergency response: Natural and
human-caused disasters disproportionately affect the lives of the poor. Caritas works to ensure that
disaster-affected populations are at least able to meet their basic needs and
live a life with dignity. The agency works directly with affected communities
and local partners to help restore and strengthen their pre-disaster
capacities.
Emergency response: Natural and
human-caused disasters disproportionately affect the lives of the poor. Caritas works to ensure that
disaster-affected populations are at least able to meet their basic needs and
live a life with dignity. The agency works directly with affected communities
and local partners to help restore and strengthen their pre-disaster
capacities.
·
HIV/AIDS: Caritas promotes community-based
programs that help those infected, address the underlying causes of AIDS and
reduce the spread of HIV. Caritas
is the lead agency in a consortium that is expanding the delivery of
antiretroviral treatments to people infected with HIV in Africa, the Caribbean
and Latin America. Funding for this venture comes from the President’s
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. In addition to this, programming addresses
AIDS-related stigma, poverty and the special vulnerabilities and burdens faced
by women. Included in Caritas
HIV/AIDS work is home-based care for individuals and families living with
HIV/AIDS; support to orphans and vulnerable children affected by AIDS;
behaviour change and life skills education; voluntary counselling and testing;
and projects that help increase beneficiaries’ livelihoods.
HIV/AIDS: Caritas promotes community-based
programs that help those infected, address the underlying causes of AIDS and
reduce the spread of HIV. Caritas
is the lead agency in a consortium that is expanding the delivery of
antiretroviral treatments to people infected with HIV in Africa, the Caribbean
and Latin America. Funding for this venture comes from the President’s
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. In addition to this, programming addresses
AIDS-related stigma, poverty and the special vulnerabilities and burdens faced
by women. Included in Caritas
HIV/AIDS work is home-based care for individuals and families living with
HIV/AIDS; support to orphans and vulnerable children affected by AIDS;
behaviour change and life skills education; voluntary counselling and testing;
and projects that help increase beneficiaries’ livelihoods.
·
Peacebuilding: The agency’s
commitment to global solidarity led Caritas
to adopt peacebuilding as an agency-wide priority. Peacebuilding in this
context is defined as the long-term project of building peaceful, stable
communities and societies. Caritas
assembled a team of regional advisors and a headquarters-based technical staff
to work with partners, and peacebuilding projects were started in dozens of
countries. Each summer, Caritas
conducts training programs for its staff and overseas partners at the Mindanao
Peace Institute in the Philippines and at University of Notre Dame’s Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace
Studies.
Peacebuilding: The agency’s
commitment to global solidarity led Caritas
to adopt peacebuilding as an agency-wide priority. Peacebuilding in this
context is defined as the long-term project of building peaceful, stable
communities and societies. Caritas
assembled a team of regional advisors and a headquarters-based technical staff
to work with partners, and peacebuilding projects were started in dozens of
countries. Each summer, Caritas
conducts training programs for its staff and overseas partners at the Mindanao
Peace Institute in the Philippines and at University of Notre Dame’s Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace
Studies.
Classification
into governmental and non-governmental: Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas) is a non-governmental
into governmental and non-governmental: Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas) is a non-governmental
Classification of non-governmental into
private and voluntary agencies: Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas) is a private non-governmental agency
private and voluntary agencies: Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas) is a private non-governmental agency
Mode of operation of Catholic Relief Agency (Caritas)
Caritas provides relief
in emergency situations and helps people in the developing world break the cycle of poverty through
community-based, sustainable development initiatives as well as peacebuilding. Assistance is
based solely on need, not race, creed or nationality.
in emergency situations and helps people in the developing world break the cycle of poverty through
community-based, sustainable development initiatives as well as peacebuilding. Assistance is
based solely on need, not race, creed or nationality.
Africare
Africare is a non-profit
organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., United
States which provides development aid for Africa. It was founded by Dr. Joseph Kennedy and C.
Payne Lucas in 1970, former Peace Corps members who had worked in
eastern Niger, and a Nigerien diplomat. Africare is the
largest (more than $54 million in annual
revenue) and oldest African-American founded international NGO focused exclusively on the continent of Africa. Since 1970, Africare has been improving
lives and building a better future by partnering with local communities,
focusing on agriculture and food security, healthcare, maternal and child health,
HIV/AIDS, access to potable water, and women’s empowerment. In more than 40
years of building partnerships with local communities, NGOs, governments and
the private sector, Africare has invested over $1 billion in more than 35
countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Africare’s core expertise of community
engagement, capacity building, and locally-driven behaviour change is fuelled
by the fact that their staff is mainly local hire. Africare seeks to empower
project participants with the knowledge and tools to achieve a sustainable path
to prosperity. Africare’s programs address needs mostly in the areas of food security and agriculture, health and HIV/AIDS, water and sanitation, and emergency
and humanitarian aid. Africare also
supports water resource development, environmental management, basic education,
microenterprise development,
governance initiatives, and women’s empowerment.
engagement, capacity building, and locally-driven behaviour change is fuelled
by the fact that their staff is mainly local hire. Africare seeks to empower
project participants with the knowledge and tools to achieve a sustainable path
to prosperity. Africare’s programs address needs mostly in the areas of food security and agriculture, health and HIV/AIDS, water and sanitation, and emergency
and humanitarian aid. Africare also
supports water resource development, environmental management, basic education,
microenterprise development,
governance initiatives, and women’s empowerment.
Classification
into governmental or non-governmental organisation: Africare is a Non-governmental
organisation.
into governmental or non-governmental organisation: Africare is a Non-governmental
organisation.
Classification of non-governmental into
private and voluntary agencies: Africare is a private non-governmental
agency.
private and voluntary agencies: Africare is a private non-governmental
agency.
Mode of operation of Africare
Africare focuses in improving lives and
building a better future by partnering with local communities, focusing on
agriculture and food security, healthcare, maternal and child health, HIV/AIDS,
access to potable water, and women’s empowerment. Africare’s core expertise of
community engagement, capacity building, and locally-driven behaviour change is
fuelled by the fact that their staff is mainly local hire.
building a better future by partnering with local communities, focusing on
agriculture and food security, healthcare, maternal and child health, HIV/AIDS,
access to potable water, and women’s empowerment. Africare’s core expertise of
community engagement, capacity building, and locally-driven behaviour change is
fuelled by the fact that their staff is mainly local hire.
UNFPA
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), formerly the United Nations Fund for Population Activities,
is a UN organization. UNFPA began operations in 1969 as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities
(the name was changed in 1987) under the administration of the United
Nations Development Fund. In 1971 it was
placed under the authority of the United
Nations General Assembly. The UNFPA
“promotes of the right of every woman, man and child to enjoy a life of
health and equal opportunity.” This is done through major national and
demographic surveys and with population censuses. The data generated are used
to create programmes to reduce poverty and address issues concerning the rights
of particular minority population groups. One of their aims is to ensure that
“every pregnancy is wanted, every birth is safe, every young person is
free of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases, and every
girl and woman is treated with dignity and respect”.
is a UN organization. UNFPA began operations in 1969 as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities
(the name was changed in 1987) under the administration of the United
Nations Development Fund. In 1971 it was
placed under the authority of the United
Nations General Assembly. The UNFPA
“promotes of the right of every woman, man and child to enjoy a life of
health and equal opportunity.” This is done through major national and
demographic surveys and with population censuses. The data generated are used
to create programmes to reduce poverty and address issues concerning the rights
of particular minority population groups. One of their aims is to ensure that
“every pregnancy is wanted, every birth is safe, every young person is
free of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases, and every
girl and woman is treated with dignity and respect”.
Their work
involves the improvement of reproductive health; including creation
of national strategies and protocols, and providing supplies and services to
these minority groups, as well as internal migrants and refugees, the elderly
and the handicapped. The organization has recently been known for its worldwide
campaign against obstetric
fistula and female genital mutilation.
involves the improvement of reproductive health; including creation
of national strategies and protocols, and providing supplies and services to
these minority groups, as well as internal migrants and refugees, the elderly
and the handicapped. The organization has recently been known for its worldwide
campaign against obstetric
fistula and female genital mutilation.
The UNFPA
supports programs in more than 150 countries, territories and areas spread
across four geographic regions: Arab States and Europe, Asia and the Pacific,
Latin America and the Caribbean, and sub-Saharan Africa. Around three quarters
of the staff work in the field. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group and part of
its Executive Committee.
supports programs in more than 150 countries, territories and areas spread
across four geographic regions: Arab States and Europe, Asia and the Pacific,
Latin America and the Caribbean, and sub-Saharan Africa. Around three quarters
of the staff work in the field. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group and part of
its Executive Committee.
Classification
into governmental and non-governmental organisation: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is a governmental organisation.
into governmental and non-governmental organisation: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is a governmental organisation.
Classify the
non-governmental Organisation into private and voluntary agency: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is not a non-governmental organisation
non-governmental Organisation into private and voluntary agency: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is not a non-governmental organisation
Mode of operation
UNFPA
“promotes of the right of every woman, man and child to enjoy a life of
health and equal opportunity.” This is done through major national and
demographic surveys and with population censuses. The data generated are used
to create programmes to reduce poverty and address issues concerning the rights
of particular minority population groups.
“promotes of the right of every woman, man and child to enjoy a life of
health and equal opportunity.” This is done through major national and
demographic surveys and with population censuses. The data generated are used
to create programmes to reduce poverty and address issues concerning the rights
of particular minority population groups.
References
Abrams, I. (2001). The Nobel Peace Prize and the laureates: An
illustrated biographical history, 1901-2001. Massachusetts: Science History
Publications.
illustrated biographical history, 1901-2001. Massachusetts: Science History
Publications.
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (2013).
“Foundation History”. New York:
CFAT
“Foundation History”. New York:
CFAT
Berman, H.
(2003). The Ideology of Philanthropy: The influence of the Carnegie, Ford,
and Rockefeller foundations on American foreign policy, New York: State
University of New York Press
(2003). The Ideology of Philanthropy: The influence of the Carnegie, Ford,
and Rockefeller foundations on American foreign policy, New York: State
University of New York Press
Bortolotti, D. (2004). Hope in Hell: Inside the World of Doctors
Without Borders, New York: Firefly Books.
Without Borders, New York: Firefly Books.
Davey, E. (2011). “Famine, aid, and ideology: the political
activism of Médecins sans frontières in the 1980s”. French Historical
Studies 34 (3): 529–58
activism of Médecins sans frontières in the 1980s”. French Historical
Studies 34 (3): 529–58
Egan, E.
(1988). Catholic Relief Services: The Beginning Years. New York:
Catholic Relief Agency
(1988). Catholic Relief Services: The Beginning Years. New York:
Catholic Relief Agency
Egan, E. (1995)
For Whom There is No Room: Scenes from the Refugee World. New York:
Paulist Press.
For Whom There is No Room: Scenes from the Refugee World. New York:
Paulist Press.
Penelope C.
(2011). Africare, Black American Philanthropy in Africa. New York: Transaction
Publishers.
(2011). Africare, Black American Philanthropy in Africa. New York: Transaction
Publishers.
Urbinski, J. (2008). An Imperfect Offering: Humanitarian Action in
the 21st Century, Canada: Doubleday.
the 21st Century, Canada: Doubleday.
