These
principles are flexible and capable of meeting every managerial need. These
principles are:
principles are flexible and capable of meeting every managerial need. These
principles are:
1. Division of Labour: Economics call this rule, the principle of
specialization. This principle states that the manager should share the Job
into routine to be performed by individual staff. Division of Labour promotes
efficiency because it permits the worker to work in a limited area of the
organisation and thus he specializes.
specialization. This principle states that the manager should share the Job
into routine to be performed by individual staff. Division of Labour promotes
efficiency because it permits the worker to work in a limited area of the
organisation and thus he specializes.
2.
Authority and Responsibility: Authority is ‘the right to give order, to control,
or to do something, while responsibility is the obligation to do something. In
organizations, “responsibility is the duty one has to perform as organizational
tasks, functions or assignments, (Hicks and GuIIcft, 1984).
Authority and Responsibility: Authority is ‘the right to give order, to control,
or to do something, while responsibility is the obligation to do something. In
organizations, “responsibility is the duty one has to perform as organizational
tasks, functions or assignments, (Hicks and GuIIcft, 1984).
3.
Discipline: Henri Fayol sees discipline as respect for
agreement which is directed at achieving obedience and application of the
workers energy towards attaining organisational goals. He cautioned that for
subordinates to be disciplined, their superiors must be disciplined themselves
and be good at all times.
Discipline: Henri Fayol sees discipline as respect for
agreement which is directed at achieving obedience and application of the
workers energy towards attaining organisational goals. He cautioned that for
subordinates to be disciplined, their superiors must be disciplined themselves
and be good at all times.
4. Unity of Command: This principle means that subordinates should take
orders froth one superior, usually their immediate superior, at a time. This
principle adheres to the injunction by Jesus Christ which states that “no man
can serve two masters at a time, you either serve God or Mammal” (Matt. 6:24). If
this principle is violated, authority is undermined, discipline will be at
stake, organizational order will be disturbed, and stability of the organization
will be threatened.
orders froth one superior, usually their immediate superior, at a time. This
principle adheres to the injunction by Jesus Christ which states that “no man
can serve two masters at a time, you either serve God or Mammal” (Matt. 6:24). If
this principle is violated, authority is undermined, discipline will be at
stake, organizational order will be disturbed, and stability of the organization
will be threatened.
5. Unity of Direction: This principle emphasizes the need for each group
of organization’s activities, which has the same objective to have one head and
one plan.
of organization’s activities, which has the same objective to have one head and
one plan.
6. Subordinate Individual Interest to Group Interest: This code of conduct means that the interest of the
organization comes first before the interest of the individual. In case of
clash of interest, the organizational interest should supersede.
organization comes first before the interest of the individual. In case of
clash of interest, the organizational interest should supersede.
7. Remuneration of Personnel: This principle emphasizes that organizational
remuneration should be fair and maximal satisfaction to the employees and
employer. No one should rob Peter to pay Paul
remuneration should be fair and maximal satisfaction to the employees and
employer. No one should rob Peter to pay Paul
8. Centralization of Power: This refers to the focal point of authority in the
organization. The principle emphasizes that there must be one central point in
organization, which exercises overall control of parts.
organization. The principle emphasizes that there must be one central point in
organization, which exercises overall control of parts.
9.
Hierarchy of Chain: This means that superiors in organization should
be in chains from the highest to the lowest in the performance of their duties.
This has inclination for communication processes from the lower level to the
higher level. It may be vertical or horizontal communication process(s).
Hierarchy of Chain: This means that superiors in organization should
be in chains from the highest to the lowest in the performance of their duties.
This has inclination for communication processes from the lower level to the
higher level. It may be vertical or horizontal communication process(s).
10.
Order: This principle emphasizes the need for orderliness
in the management of things and people in the organization. There must be a
place for everything (everyone) and (everything) in its or his place.
Order: This principle emphasizes the need for orderliness
in the management of things and people in the organization. There must be a
place for everything (everyone) and (everything) in its or his place.
11.
Equity: Equity means justice according to natural law or
order; freedom from bias or favouritism. The principle says that managers
should be kind, just and fair in their dealing with subordinates, and that
kindness and justice on their part will give rise to subordinates devotion and
loyalty.
Equity: Equity means justice according to natural law or
order; freedom from bias or favouritism. The principle says that managers
should be kind, just and fair in their dealing with subordinates, and that
kindness and justice on their part will give rise to subordinates devotion and
loyalty.
12.
Stability of Tenure: This principle states that jobs should be taken up
as a career, and employees should not be easily dismissed. Consequently,
efficiency will be premised by the stability of the job.
Stability of Tenure: This principle states that jobs should be taken up
as a career, and employees should not be easily dismissed. Consequently,
efficiency will be premised by the stability of the job.
13.
Initiative: Initiative is the thinking out and execution of a
plan by individuals. This principle emphasizes that to ensure organizational
success, managers should permit workers to exercise their initiative. They
should formulate their plans before execution
Initiative: Initiative is the thinking out and execution of a
plan by individuals. This principle emphasizes that to ensure organizational
success, managers should permit workers to exercise their initiative. They
should formulate their plans before execution
14.
Esprit de Corps: This means in unity, there is strength. The principle
says that the organization ought to function as a unit, a team; and every team
member should work at his best to achieve the organizational goals.
Esprit de Corps: This means in unity, there is strength. The principle
says that the organization ought to function as a unit, a team; and every team
member should work at his best to achieve the organizational goals.
