Summary of review of related literature

This review defined child abuse is any act, or failure to act, by a parent or
other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child. It
includes all forms of physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, or
neglect, and can occur in a child’s home, or in the organizations, schools or
communities the child interacts with. Child abuse was recognised as a global
phenomenon which cut across all trace, class and socio-economic status
worldwide.

Types
of child abuse were classified into four categories which are physical abuse, sexual
abuse, emotional and psychological abuse, and neglect. Factors contributing to
child abuse in the society were recognised to include cultural norms
encouraging harsh physical punishment of children, economic inequality, parents
with problems of substance abuse and the lack of social safety nets. Impacts of
child abused were grouped into emotional impact and physical impact.
Child
abuse was also said to be connected with youth violence as
youth who
are abuse as children feel unloved by their parents or guardians and hereby
have a higher tendency to run away from home and put up with other youths which
exposes them to criminal activities such as cultism, gangsterism, rape, teenage
pregnancy, etc.
Measure to combat child abuse were said to include
creating
adequate
awareness on the impact of child abuse and parents and relatives should be
urged to uphold the rights of the child, government should enforce all laws
prohibiting the violation of the right of the child and there should be
creation of a support-group structure to reinforce parenting skills and closely
monitor the child’s well-being.
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