i.)
File: A file is a resource for storing information. It is usually in the form;
the traditional paper documents which traditionally are kept in office and
library or the modern files available in the form of a computer program and are
usually based on some kind of durable storage.
File: A file is a resource for storing information. It is usually in the form;
the traditional paper documents which traditionally are kept in office and
library or the modern files available in the form of a computer program and are
usually based on some kind of durable storage.
ii.)
Master File: A master file is a collection of information
especially to one of the main subjects of an information system. The main
fields of a master file are generally indexed for matching against the
transaction records as well as fast retrieval for queries. This type of file is
made up of descriptive data, such as name and address, as well as summary
information.
Master File: A master file is a collection of information
especially to one of the main subjects of an information system. The main
fields of a master file are generally indexed for matching against the
transaction records as well as fast retrieval for queries. This type of file is
made up of descriptive data, such as name and address, as well as summary
information.
iii.)
Transaction File: The data in transaction files are used to update
the master files, which contain the data about the subjects of the
organization. Transaction files also serve as audit trails and history for the
organization. A transaction file is a collection of transaction records. The
following are the kinds of fields that make up a typical transaction record in
an information system. There can be many more fields depending on the
organization. The account number is usually the primary key, but name may also
be used as a primary key. The “key” fields are the ones that are
generally indexed for fast matching against the master record.
Transaction File: The data in transaction files are used to update
the master files, which contain the data about the subjects of the
organization. Transaction files also serve as audit trails and history for the
organization. A transaction file is a collection of transaction records. The
following are the kinds of fields that make up a typical transaction record in
an information system. There can be many more fields depending on the
organization. The account number is usually the primary key, but name may also
be used as a primary key. The “key” fields are the ones that are
generally indexed for fast matching against the master record.
iv.)
File Merging: File merging
also called file integration is a fundamental operation that reconciles
multiple changes made to a collection of files. Most often, it is necessary
when a file is modified by two people on two different computers at the same
time, the two files are merged into a single collection of files that contains
both sets of changes.
File Merging: File merging
also called file integration is a fundamental operation that reconciles
multiple changes made to a collection of files. Most often, it is necessary
when a file is modified by two people on two different computers at the same
time, the two files are merged into a single collection of files that contains
both sets of changes.
v.)
File Updating: File updating involves changing the information
contained in a file by adding more information especially in the traditional
paper file or upgrading to a newer version as in the case of computer files.
File Updating: File updating involves changing the information
contained in a file by adding more information especially in the traditional
paper file or upgrading to a newer version as in the case of computer files.
vi.)
File Maintenance: File maintenance refers to the periodic updating of
master files. For example, adding or deleting. It does not refer to daily
transaction processing and batch processing (order processing, billing, etc.).
File Maintenance: File maintenance refers to the periodic updating of
master files. For example, adding or deleting. It does not refer to daily
transaction processing and batch processing (order processing, billing, etc.).
vii.)
File Creation: The process of arranging information in a format
that is easily identified located and identified for further purposes. File
creation can be done offline such as that of typical hard copy file or through
the computer as in soft copy format.
File Creation: The process of arranging information in a format
that is easily identified located and identified for further purposes. File
creation can be done offline such as that of typical hard copy file or through
the computer as in soft copy format.
viii.) File Sorting: File sorting is the ordering or categorising of data as a means of
arranging information systematically by arranging items in a sequential ordered
by some criterion and grouping items with similar properties.
arranging information systematically by arranging items in a sequential ordered
by some criterion and grouping items with similar properties.
ix.)
File Interrogating: The process of obtaining useful information using
different techniques to further understand the subject or the content of the
file is referred to as file interrogating.
File Interrogating: The process of obtaining useful information using
different techniques to further understand the subject or the content of the
file is referred to as file interrogating.
x.)
File Querying: The term file
querying refers to the process which
helps individuals to quickly and easily view, analyze and modify files
directly, as though they were in a database.
File Querying: The term file
querying refers to the process which
helps individuals to quickly and easily view, analyze and modify files
directly, as though they were in a database.
xi.)
Data Manipulation: The term data manipulation refers to the process of
re-sorting, rearranging and otherwise moving data, without fundamentally
changing it. Reorganizing the data helps us to identify patterns that may
otherwise not be apparent. This is used both as a preparatory technique – i.e.
as a precursor to some other activity – or as a means of exploring the data as
an analytic tool in its own right.
Data Manipulation: The term data manipulation refers to the process of
re-sorting, rearranging and otherwise moving data, without fundamentally
changing it. Reorganizing the data helps us to identify patterns that may
otherwise not be apparent. This is used both as a preparatory technique – i.e.
as a precursor to some other activity – or as a means of exploring the data as
an analytic tool in its own right.
xii.)
Data Verification: Data verification is used to data was accurately
translated when data is transferred from one source to another, is complete, and
supports processes in the new system. The term data verification is a process where in different types of data are
checked for accuracy and inconsistencies after data migration is done. During verification, there may be a need
for a parallel run of both systems to identify areas of disparity and forestall
erroneous data loss.
Data Verification: Data verification is used to data was accurately
translated when data is transferred from one source to another, is complete, and
supports processes in the new system. The term data verification is a process where in different types of data are
checked for accuracy and inconsistencies after data migration is done. During verification, there may be a need
for a parallel run of both systems to identify areas of disparity and forestall
erroneous data loss.
xiii.) Data Validation: Data validation is intended to provide certain
well-defined guarantees for fitness, accuracy, and consistency for any of
various kinds of user input into an application or automated system. Data validation is the process of
ensuring or checking for correctness, meaningfulness, and security of data that
are input to the system.
well-defined guarantees for fitness, accuracy, and consistency for any of
various kinds of user input into an application or automated system. Data validation is the process of
ensuring or checking for correctness, meaningfulness, and security of data that
are input to the system.
xiv.) Data Integrity: Data
integrity refers to maintaining and assuring the
accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design,
implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves
data.
integrity refers to maintaining and assuring the
accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design,
implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves
data.
xv.)
Data Security: It is a protective digital privacy measures that
are applied to prevent unauthorized access to computers, databases and
websites. Data security also protects data from corruption. Data security means protecting data,
such as a database, from destructive forces and from the unwanted actions of
unauthorized users.
Data Security: It is a protective digital privacy measures that
are applied to prevent unauthorized access to computers, databases and
websites. Data security also protects data from corruption. Data security means protecting data,
such as a database, from destructive forces and from the unwanted actions of
unauthorized users.
