Introduction
Abattoir is a modern slaughter house which has all the
standard equipments and materials needed for the ante-mortem, post-mortem and
slaughter operations of all food animals. It is usually sited or constructed in
cities, compartmentalized for various use and its floors cemented and have most
of the sanitary facilities and sources of water supply.
standard equipments and materials needed for the ante-mortem, post-mortem and
slaughter operations of all food animals. It is usually sited or constructed in
cities, compartmentalized for various use and its floors cemented and have most
of the sanitary facilities and sources of water supply.
Body
Slaughter house
is a place or house where animals are slaughter for marketing. Therefore, it
should have all the standard requirement needed. Before animals are move from
the lair age to the slaughter house they must undergo some inspection such as
is a place or house where animals are slaughter for marketing. Therefore, it
should have all the standard requirement needed. Before animals are move from
the lair age to the slaughter house they must undergo some inspection such as
1.
Ante-mortem inspection; which is the
physical examination of the animals health status. Animals with normal health
status are passed for slaughtering to be use as food, since they have been confirmed
healthy by the disappearance of disease symptom while the unhealthy are treated
with their ailment. The purpose of
ante-mortem inspection is to ensure that sick animals are not slaughtered for
human consumptions in order not to contact certain diseases from these meat
products.
Ante-mortem inspection; which is the
physical examination of the animals health status. Animals with normal health
status are passed for slaughtering to be use as food, since they have been confirmed
healthy by the disappearance of disease symptom while the unhealthy are treated
with their ailment. The purpose of
ante-mortem inspection is to ensure that sick animals are not slaughtered for
human consumptions in order not to contact certain diseases from these meat
products.
2.
Post-mortem inspection: Which is the
inspection of the internal organs of the animals so as to ensure that they have
a normal health status. For organs to have normal health status, they must be
free from disease agent and worm infestation. Animals with symptoms of
infection should be destroy with chemicals known as SCANDAL ZAMBEEF or ALDEHYDE
to prevent consumption by human. The abattoir/slaughter house in Sapele lacked some
certain qualities that lead to nuisances which is or may be deleterious to the people’s
health. The nuisances include the followings:
Post-mortem inspection: Which is the
inspection of the internal organs of the animals so as to ensure that they have
a normal health status. For organs to have normal health status, they must be
free from disease agent and worm infestation. Animals with symptoms of
infection should be destroy with chemicals known as SCANDAL ZAMBEEF or ALDEHYDE
to prevent consumption by human. The abattoir/slaughter house in Sapele lacked some
certain qualities that lead to nuisances which is or may be deleterious to the people’s
health. The nuisances include the followings:
a.
Absent of cool room to preserve and
store excess meat product that are unsold.
Absent of cool room to preserve and
store excess meat product that are unsold.
b.
Absent of laboratory for organs and
faecal sample analysis and also for culture and scientific test.
Absent of laboratory for organs and
faecal sample analysis and also for culture and scientific test.
c.
Poor water supple for processing of
meat product.
Poor water supple for processing of
meat product.
d.
Absent of evacuation point for the
waste product of the animals.
Absent of evacuation point for the
waste product of the animals.
e.
No medical certificate of fitness
for the butchers and their attendants.
No medical certificate of fitness
for the butchers and their attendants.
f.
Present of pot-holes on the floor
and tables in the abattoir, which is capable of harbouring the blood of
slaughtered animals where disease organisms will multiply to contaminate meat
product.
Present of pot-holes on the floor
and tables in the abattoir, which is capable of harbouring the blood of
slaughtered animals where disease organisms will multiply to contaminate meat
product.
g.
Dirty floor and emission of
offensive odour in the abattoir.
Dirty floor and emission of
offensive odour in the abattoir.
h.
Absent of sanitary conveniences.
Absent of sanitary conveniences.
i.
Absent of a stand-bye vehicle to
evacuate the waste product of the animals.
Absent of a stand-bye vehicle to
evacuate the waste product of the animals.
j.
Indiscriminate disposal of refuse
such as the hair, bone and the hoof (foot)
Indiscriminate disposal of refuse
such as the hair, bone and the hoof (foot)
In conclusion, the
slaughter house or abattoir there should be office accommodation for
administrative purposes. This must be contagious to the carcass detention room
and the laboratory. Sanitary conveniences and a cloak room for workers who are obliged
to wear protective clothing should be provided.
slaughter house or abattoir there should be office accommodation for
administrative purposes. This must be contagious to the carcass detention room
and the laboratory. Sanitary conveniences and a cloak room for workers who are obliged
to wear protective clothing should be provided.
A fully trained
industrial nurse and well appointed first aid room and a qualified first aider
should be considered essential, especially for the large premises, not only to
deal with the many cuts and other problems associated with slaughtering
operations but also to assist materially in raising staff hygiene standard.
industrial nurse and well appointed first aid room and a qualified first aider
should be considered essential, especially for the large premises, not only to
deal with the many cuts and other problems associated with slaughtering
operations but also to assist materially in raising staff hygiene standard.
Recommendation
Following the
obvious finding, as an environmental health officer. It was recommended that
the abattoir and the slaughter should provide the following requirement:
obvious finding, as an environmental health officer. It was recommended that
the abattoir and the slaughter should provide the following requirement:
i.
There should be a laboratory for
organs and faecal sample analysis, culture and scientific test.
There should be a laboratory for
organs and faecal sample analysis, culture and scientific test.
ii.
Butchers and their attendants should
obtain their medical certificate of fitness
Butchers and their attendants should
obtain their medical certificate of fitness
iii.
There should be a waste disposal site
and a stand-bye vehicle to dispose of the waste product of the animals.
There should be a waste disposal site
and a stand-bye vehicle to dispose of the waste product of the animals.
iv.
Adequate potable water supply for
processing of the meat product.
Adequate potable water supply for
processing of the meat product.
v.
There should be more veterinary officer to
inspect the different slaughtering places.
There should be more veterinary officer to
inspect the different slaughtering places.
vi.
The abattoir should be kept tidy and
clean.
The abattoir should be kept tidy and
clean.
vii.
The floor/tables should be level without
pot-holes for effective cleaning exercise and to avoid contamination.
The floor/tables should be level without
pot-holes for effective cleaning exercise and to avoid contamination.
viii.
Slaughtering equipment should be washed with
disinfect and soap.
Slaughtering equipment should be washed with
disinfect and soap.
ix.
There should be cool room to perceive
and store excess meat product.
There should be cool room to perceive
and store excess meat product.
x.
Adequate sanitary facilities
Adequate sanitary facilities
xi.
Additional recommendation:
Additional recommendation:
i.
Good accessibility
Good accessibility
ii.
The animals should be free from
disease agent and worm infestation.
The animals should be free from
disease agent and worm infestation.
iii.
The emission of offensive odour should
be disinfect and disinfect properly.
The emission of offensive odour should
be disinfect and disinfect properly.
iv.
There should be a cloak room for the workers .A
first aid room and a first aider should be available.
There should be a cloak room for the workers .A
first aid room and a first aider should be available.
v.
There should be a sanitary waste bin
at a strategy point
There should be a sanitary waste bin
at a strategy point