Database users include everyone making
used of a particular database. Database users include:
used of a particular database. Database users include:
Database administrators
Ø In
a database environment, the primary resource is the database itself and the
secondary resources is the DBMS and related software
a database environment, the primary resource is the database itself and the
secondary resources is the DBMS and related software
Ø Authorizing
access to the database
access to the database
Ø Coordinating
and monitoring its use
and monitoring its use
Ø Acquiring
software and hardware resources as needed
software and hardware resources as needed
Database
designers
designers
Ø Identifying
the data to be stored in the database
the data to be stored in the database
Ø Choosing
appropriate structures to represent and store this data undertaken before the
database is actually implemented and populated with data
appropriate structures to represent and store this data undertaken before the
database is actually implemented and populated with data
Ø Communicate
with all prospective database users, in order to understand their requirements
with all prospective database users, in order to understand their requirements
Ø Develop
a view of the database that meets the data and processing requirements for each
group of users
a view of the database that meets the data and processing requirements for each
group of users
Ø These
views are then analyzed and integrated with the views of other user groups. The
final database design must be capable of supporting the requirements of all
user groups
views are then analyzed and integrated with the views of other user groups. The
final database design must be capable of supporting the requirements of all
user groups
End
users
users
Ø Access
to the database for querying, updating, and generating reports
to the database for querying, updating, and generating reports
Ø Casual
end users
end users
Ø Occasionally
access the database
access the database
Ø Need
different information each time
different information each time
Ø Learn
only a few facilities that they may use repeatedly
only a few facilities that they may use repeatedly
Ø Use
a sophisticated database query language to specify their requests
a sophisticated database query language to specify their requests
Ø Typically
middle-or high-level managers or other occasional browsers
middle-or high-level managers or other occasional browsers
Naïve
or parametric end users
or parametric end users
Ø Constantly
querying and updating the database, using standard types of queries and updates
called canned transaction that have been carefully programmed and tested
querying and updating the database, using standard types of queries and updates
called canned transaction that have been carefully programmed and tested
Ø Need
to learn very little about the facilities provided by the DBMS
to learn very little about the facilities provided by the DBMS
Sophisticated end users
Ø Engineers,
scientists, business analysts, and others who thoroughly familiarize themselves
with the facilities of the DBMS so as to implement their applications to meet
their complex requirements.
scientists, business analysts, and others who thoroughly familiarize themselves
with the facilities of the DBMS so as to implement their applications to meet
their complex requirements.
Ø Try
to learn most of the DBMS facilities in order to achieve their complex
requirements
to learn most of the DBMS facilities in order to achieve their complex
requirements
Stand-alone users
Ø Maintain
personal database by using ready-made program packages that provide easy-to-use
menu-or graphics-based interfaces. An example is the user of a tax package that
stores a variety of personal financial data for tax purposes
personal database by using ready-made program packages that provide easy-to-use
menu-or graphics-based interfaces. An example is the user of a tax package that
stores a variety of personal financial data for tax purposes
Ø Typically
become very proficient in using a specific software package
become very proficient in using a specific software package
System analysts and
application programmers
application programmers
Ø Determine
the requirements of ends users, especially naïve and parametric end users, and
develop specifications for canned transactions that meet these requirements
the requirements of ends users, especially naïve and parametric end users, and
develop specifications for canned transactions that meet these requirements
Ø Application
programmers implement these specifications as programs; then they test, debug,
document, and maintain these canned transactions
programmers implement these specifications as programs; then they test, debug,
document, and maintain these canned transactions
Workers behind the scene
Ø Typically
do not use the database for their own purposes
do not use the database for their own purposes
Ø DBMS
system designers and implementers
system designers and implementers
Ø Design
and implement the DBMS modules (for implementing the catalog, query language,
interface processors, data access, concurrency, control, recovery, and
security)and interfaces as a software package
and implement the DBMS modules (for implementing the catalog, query language,
interface processors, data access, concurrency, control, recovery, and
security)and interfaces as a software package
Tool developers
Ø Tools
are optional packages that are often purchased separately
are optional packages that are often purchased separately
Ø Include
packages for databases for database design, performance monitoring, natural
language or graphically interfaces, prototyping, simulation, and test data
generation.
packages for databases for database design, performance monitoring, natural
language or graphically interfaces, prototyping, simulation, and test data
generation.
Operators
and maintenance personnel
and maintenance personnel
Ø System
administration personnel who are responsible for the actual running and
maintenance of the hardware and software environment for the database system
administration personnel who are responsible for the actual running and
maintenance of the hardware and software environment for the database system
