Noise pollution can be defined as an unwanted sound it
can also be described as wrong sound in the wrong places at the wrong time
(Olojoba, 2009) she went further to defined “noise pollution as the emerging
transmitted through the air as waves of varying pressure.
can also be described as wrong sound in the wrong places at the wrong time
(Olojoba, 2009) she went further to defined “noise pollution as the emerging
transmitted through the air as waves of varying pressure.
According to Olorunda (2007) noise pollution is unwanted or extraneous sound made by such
products of civilization as trucks, airplanes, industrial machineries, air
conditioners and similar sound pressure.
products of civilization as trucks, airplanes, industrial machineries, air
conditioners and similar sound pressure.
Noise is another nuisance of urban pollution and is
caused by be clatter and hammering and squeak of cart-wheels, the lowering of
cattle being driven to market, the vacuoles cries of street vendors proclaiming
their wares, vibrations and explosions from industries (Unuraye, 2008).
caused by be clatter and hammering and squeak of cart-wheels, the lowering of
cattle being driven to market, the vacuoles cries of street vendors proclaiming
their wares, vibrations and explosions from industries (Unuraye, 2008).
Henderson and Bielefied (2008) explained the health
effect (impact) of noise that the human ear is an incredible instrument sound
pressure waves caused by vibrations set the ear drum (tympanic membrane) and/or
the middle ear tympanic cavity) in motion. In this activities, the three bones
in the middle ear the hammer, anvil and stirrup. Physically amplify the motion
received from the ear drum and transmit it to the inner ear. Prolonged exposure
to noise. Of a certain frequency pattern may caused temporary hearing or
permanent loss the control of noise pollution and prevention of trauma. Can be
achieved by using the following measures.
effect (impact) of noise that the human ear is an incredible instrument sound
pressure waves caused by vibrations set the ear drum (tympanic membrane) and/or
the middle ear tympanic cavity) in motion. In this activities, the three bones
in the middle ear the hammer, anvil and stirrup. Physically amplify the motion
received from the ear drum and transmit it to the inner ear. Prolonged exposure
to noise. Of a certain frequency pattern may caused temporary hearing or
permanent loss the control of noise pollution and prevention of trauma. Can be
achieved by using the following measures.
·
Reduction in sound level (if
feasible)
Reduction in sound level (if
feasible)
·
Minimizing the vibratory parts of
the equipment and gadgets by fastening and mechanical support.
Minimizing the vibratory parts of
the equipment and gadgets by fastening and mechanical support.
·
Public enlightenment and education
Public enlightenment and education
·
Government policies and regulation
Government policies and regulation
·
Interrupting the path of the sound
(by screens and absorbers)
Interrupting the path of the sound
(by screens and absorbers)
·
Preventing the recipient from
unwanted sound (by screen, absorber, ear mulf and sound proof work places under
section 19 of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency Decree 1988 FEPA (now
NESREA) is required to;
Preventing the recipient from
unwanted sound (by screen, absorber, ear mulf and sound proof work places under
section 19 of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency Decree 1988 FEPA (now
NESREA) is required to;
(a) Identifying
major noise sources noise criteria and noise control technology and.
major noise sources noise criteria and noise control technology and.
(b) Establish such
noise abatement programmes and noise emission standard as it may determine
necessary to pressure and maintain public health or welfare (FEPA Guideline,
1991).
noise abatement programmes and noise emission standard as it may determine
necessary to pressure and maintain public health or welfare (FEPA Guideline,
1991).
Types of noise
Guide to Occupational Noise (2015) stated four (4)
different types of noise; continuous noise, intermittent noise, impulsive noise
and low frequency noise.
different types of noise; continuous noise, intermittent noise, impulsive noise
and low frequency noise.
1. Continuous noise:
It is a noise that is produced continuously by machinery that keeps running
without interruption. This could come from factory equipment, heating or
ventilation systems.
It is a noise that is produced continuously by machinery that keeps running
without interruption. This could come from factory equipment, heating or
ventilation systems.
2. Intermitted noise:
Is a noise level that increases and decreases rapidly. This might be a freight
train passing by factory equipment that operates in cycles or aircraft
overhead.
Is a noise level that increases and decreases rapidly. This might be a freight
train passing by factory equipment that operates in cycles or aircraft
overhead.
3. Impulsive noise:
Is most commonly associated with the construction and demolition industry. This
sudden burst of noise can startle you. By its fast and surprising nature
impulsive noises are commonly created by explosions or construction equipment
such as pile drivers.
Is most commonly associated with the construction and demolition industry. This
sudden burst of noise can startle you. By its fast and surprising nature
impulsive noises are commonly created by explosions or construction equipment
such as pile drivers.
4. Low frequency
noise: Low frequency noise makes up part of fabric of our daily sound scape.
Whether it is the low background humming from power plants or the roaring of
large diesel engines, we are exposed to low frequency noise constantly this is
also the hardest type of noise to reduce
at source, so it can easily spread for miles around.
noise: Low frequency noise makes up part of fabric of our daily sound scape.
Whether it is the low background humming from power plants or the roaring of
large diesel engines, we are exposed to low frequency noise constantly this is
also the hardest type of noise to reduce
at source, so it can easily spread for miles around.
Sources of noise pollution
According to Henderson and Brielefied (2008) noise
pollution like other pollutant is also a by-product of industrialization,
urbanization and modern civilization. Broadly speaking the noise pollution has
two source i.e. industrial and non industrial.
pollution like other pollutant is also a by-product of industrialization,
urbanization and modern civilization. Broadly speaking the noise pollution has
two source i.e. industrial and non industrial.
·
Industrial source includes the noise
from various industries and big machines working at a very high speed and high
noise intensity.
Industrial source includes the noise
from various industries and big machines working at a very high speed and high
noise intensity.
·
Non-industrial source includes the
noise created by transport/vehicular
traffic and the neighborhood noise generated by various sources. Noise
pollution can also be divided into categories. Namely natural and man- made
most leading noise sources will fall into the followings road traffic, air
traffic, railroads construction, industry, noise in building and consumer
product.
Non-industrial source includes the
noise created by transport/vehicular
traffic and the neighborhood noise generated by various sources. Noise
pollution can also be divided into categories. Namely natural and man- made
most leading noise sources will fall into the followings road traffic, air
traffic, railroads construction, industry, noise in building and consumer
product.
Noise measurement and sound pressure
level
level
Sound is a physical phenomenon consisting of
alteration compression and expansion of air that propagate in all directions
from a source been discarded as small changed in pressure around atmospheric
pressure.
alteration compression and expansion of air that propagate in all directions
from a source been discarded as small changed in pressure around atmospheric
pressure.
The frequency of the alternating sound determines the
pitch of the sound in high pitch tone e.g. 400Hz a humming sound. Environmental
noise sources such as the sawmill generates a broad frequency range sound pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure
range from < 200 micropascal, a range of 1 – 10 million ( Davis general plan
2007) therefore in acoustics the logarithm of sound pressure relative to a
reference sound is used as a basic from a sound (noise) pressure measure the
physical quality sound pressure level expressed in decibel (Db) the human hearing
organ is not equally sensitive to sounds of different frequencies therefore a
special sensitive factor is used to rate sound pressure level at a different
frequency in a way comparable to that of the human hearing organ that is called
A-weight is a biophysical quality which is common exposure period tax 24 hours (full
day and hours) (work day) (Gray, 2007).
pitch of the sound in high pitch tone e.g. 400Hz a humming sound. Environmental
noise sources such as the sawmill generates a broad frequency range sound pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure
range from < 200 micropascal, a range of 1 – 10 million ( Davis general plan
2007) therefore in acoustics the logarithm of sound pressure relative to a
reference sound is used as a basic from a sound (noise) pressure measure the
physical quality sound pressure level expressed in decibel (Db) the human hearing
organ is not equally sensitive to sounds of different frequencies therefore a
special sensitive factor is used to rate sound pressure level at a different
frequency in a way comparable to that of the human hearing organ that is called
A-weight is a biophysical quality which is common exposure period tax 24 hours (full
day and hours) (work day) (Gray, 2007).