Trekking to Everest Base Camp is a dream for many adventurers. The journey offers stunning views of the Himalayas. But there’s a serious concern all trekkers must address: altitude sickness.
What is Altitude Sickness?
Altitude sickness happens when you climb too high too fast. Your body needs time to adjust to lower oxygen levels. The air gets thinner as you climb higher. This puts stress on your body.
The Everest Base Camp trek takes you to 5,364 meters (17,598 feet). At this height, oxygen levels are much lower than at sea level. Your body will notice the difference.
Common Symptoms of Altitude Sickness
Knowing the symptoms can save your life. Watch for these warning signs:
- Headaches that won’t go away
- Dizziness and feeling off-balance
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Trouble sleeping
- Feeling unusually tired
- Shortness of breath, even when resting
- Increased heart rate
Symptoms usually appear within 12-24 hours of reaching a new altitude. They might get worse at night. Don’t ignore even mild symptoms.
Types of Altitude Sickness
There are three main types of altitude sickness:
- Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS): The most common and mild form. Most trekkers on the Everest Base Camp trek will experience this.
- High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE): Fluid builds up in the lungs. This is serious and can be fatal.
- High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE): Fluid builds up in the brain. This is very dangerous and requires immediate descent.
Prevention Strategies
You can reduce your risk with these simple steps:
Acclimatize Properly
The golden rule is “climb high, sleep low.” Take rest days during your trek. The standard Everest Base Camp trek itinerary includes acclimatization days.
Ascend Slowly
Don’t rush. Experts recommend not climbing more than 300-500 meters per day above 3,000 meters. Most reputable trekking companies follow this rule.
Stay Hydrated
Drink 4-5 liters of water daily. Dehydration makes altitude sickness worse. Avoid alcohol and caffeine as they can dehydrate you.
Eat Properly
Your body needs more calories at high altitude. Eat even if you don’t feel hungry. Carbohydrates are especially important.
Consider Medication
Acetazolamide (Diamox) can help prevent altitude sickness. Consult your doctor before your trip. It’s not a substitute for proper acclimatization.
Listen to Your Guide
Professional guides on the Everest Base Camp trek know the signs of altitude sickness. Follow their advice if they recommend slowing down or descending.
What to Do If You Get Altitude Sickness
If symptoms appear, follow these steps:
- Stop ascending immediately. Rest where you are if symptoms are mild.
- Descend if symptoms worsen. Going down even 500-1,000 meters can make a huge difference.
- Take medication if you have it. Ibuprofen can help with headaches.
- Use oxygen if available. Many tea houses along the route have oxygen bottles.
- Seek medical help for severe symptoms. There are medical facilities in Namche Bazaar and Pheriche.
Final Thoughts
Don’t let fear of altitude sickness stop you from attempting the Everest Base Camp trek. With proper planning and precautions, most trekkers complete the journey safely.
The key is to respect the altitude. Listen to your body. Take your time. The mountains have stood for millions of years. They can wait an extra day for you to acclimatize properly.
Plan your Everest Base Camp trek with a reputable company that prioritizes safety. Your health matters more than reaching any destination.
